Emeritus Professor Marc Hockings

Emeritus Professor

School of the Environment
Faculty of Science

Overview

Marc Hockings is an Emeritus Professor School of Earth and Environmental Sciences at the University of Queensland. He maintains an active research program on the management of protected areas with a particular focus on monitoring and evaluation in conservation management. He is a long-term member of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) through its World Commission on Protected Areas where he leads the global program on Science and Management of Protected Areas. He initiated and is leading the IUCN WCPA work on the Green List of Protected and Conserved Areas. He is also a member of the Commission’s Executive Committee. Marc was the principal author of the IUCN’s best practice guidelines on evaluation of management effectiveness in protected areas. He is an honorary Senior Fellow at the UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre in Cambridge, UK. In 2008 he received the Kenton R. Miller Award for Innovation in Protected Area Sustainability for his work on management effectiveness.

Research Impacts

Professor Hockings has lead development of research on management effectiveness evaluation of protected areas. He has developed an approach to assessment of management effectiveness (IUCN WCPA Management Effectiveness Framework) that is now widely used around the world by governments and NGOs, has been adopted by the Global Environment Facility as a required element of assessment for all GEF funded projects in protected areas and incorporated into the Convention on Biological Diversity's Programme of Work on Protected Areas. Assessments based on this methodology have been conducted in more than 18000 protected areas in 180 countries.

Qualifications

  • Doctor of Philosophy, Griffith University
  • Masters (Coursework) of Science, The University of Queensland
  • Bachelor of Science, The University of Queensland

Publications

  • Watson, James E. M., Dudley, Nigel, Segan, Daniel B. and Hockings, Marc (2014). The performance and potential of protected areas. Nature, 515 (7525), 67-73. doi: 10.1038/nature13947

  • Geldmann, Jonas, Barnes, Megan, Coad, Lauren, Craigie, Ian D., Hockings, Marc and Burgess, Neil D. (2013). Effectiveness of terrestrial protected areas in reducing habitat loss and population declines. Biological Conservation, 161, 230-238. doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2013.02.018

  • Cook, Carly N., Carter, R. W. (Bill), Fuller, Richard A. and Hockings, Marc (2012). Managers consider multiple lines of evidence important for biodiversity management decisions. Journal of Environmental Management, 113, 341-346. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.09.002

  • Butchart, Stuart H. M., Scharlemann, Jörn P. W., Evans, Mike I., Quader, Suhel, Arico, Salvatore, Arinaitwe, Julius, Balman, Mark, Bennun, Leon A., Bertzky, Bastian, Besancon, Charles, Boucher, Timothy M., Brooks, Thomas M., Burfield, Ian J., Burgess, Neil D., Chan, Simba, Clay, Rob P., Crosby, Mike J., Davidson, Nicholas C., De Silva, Naamal, Devenish, Christian, Dutson, Guy C. L., Fernandez, David F. Día z., Fishpool, Lincoln D. C., Fitzgerald, Claire, Foster, Matt, Heath, Melanie F., Hockings, Marc, Hoffmann, Michael, Knox, David ... Woodley, Stephen (2012). Protecting important sites for biodiversity contributes to meeting global conservation targets. Plos One, 7 (3) e32529, e32529-1-e32529-8. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032529

  • Cook, Carly N. and Hockings, Marc (2011). Opportunities for improving the rigor of management effectiveness evaluations in protected areas. Conservation Letters, 4 (5), 372-382. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-263X.2011.00189.x

  • Butchart, Stuart H. M., Walpole, Matt, Collen, Ben, van Strien, Arco, Scharlemann, Jörn P. W., Almond, Rosamunde E. A., Baillie, Jonathan E. M., Bomhard, Bastian, Brown, Claire, Bruno, John, Carpenter, Kent E., Carr, Geneviève M., Chanson, Janice, Chenery, Aanna M., Csirke, Jorge, Davidson, Nick C., Dentener, Frank, Foster, Matt, Galli, Alessandro, Galloway, James N., Genovesi, Piero, Gregory, Richard D., Hockings, Marc, Kapos, Valerie, Lamarque, Jean-Francois, Leverington, Fiona, Loh, Jonathan, McGeoch, Melodie A., McRae, Louise ... Watson, Reg (2010). Global biodiversity: indicators of recent declines. Science, 328 (5982), 1164-1168. doi: 10.1126/science.1187512

  • Walpole, M., Almond, R. E. A., Besançon, C., Butchart, S. H. M., Campbell-Lendrum, D., Carr, G. M., Collen, B., Collette, L., Davidson, N. C., Dulloo, E., Fazel, A. M., Galloway, J. N., Gill, M., Goverse, T., Hockings, M. T., Leaman, D. J., Morgan, D. H. W., Revenga, C., Rickwood, C. J., Schutyser, F., Simons, S., Stattersfield, A. J., Tyrrell, T. D., Vié, Jean-C. and Zimsky, M. (2009). Tracking progress toward the 2010 biodiversity target and beyond. Science, 325 (5947), 1503-1504. doi: 10.1126/science.1175466

  • Hockings, M., Stolton, S., Dudley, N. and James, R. (2009). Data credibility: What are the 'right' data for evaluating management effectiveness of protected areas?. New Directions for Evaluation, 2009 (122), 53-63. doi: 10.1002/ev.295

  • Hockings, M., Cook, C. N., Carter, R. W. and James, R. (2009). Accountability, reporting, or management improvement? Development of a State of the Parks assessment system in New South Wales, Australia. Environmental Management, 43 (6), 1013-1025. doi: 10.1007/s00267-009-9277-9

  • Axford, Joanna C., Hockings, Marcus T. and Carter, R. W. (Bill) (2008). What constitutes success in Pacific Island community conserved areas?. Ecology and Society, 13 (2) 45, 1-15. doi: 10.5751/ES-02540-130245

  • Hockings, M. T., Stolton, S. and Dudley, N. (2004). Management effectiveness: Assessing management of protected areas?. Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning, 6 (2), 157-174. doi: 10.1080/1523908042000320731

  • Dudley, N., Hockings, M. T. and Stolton, S. (2004). Options for guaranteeing the effective management of the world's protected areas. Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning, 6 (2), 131-142. doi: 10.1080/1523908042000320713

View all Publications

Publications

Featured Publications

  • Watson, James E. M., Dudley, Nigel, Segan, Daniel B. and Hockings, Marc (2014). The performance and potential of protected areas. Nature, 515 (7525), 67-73. doi: 10.1038/nature13947

  • Geldmann, Jonas, Barnes, Megan, Coad, Lauren, Craigie, Ian D., Hockings, Marc and Burgess, Neil D. (2013). Effectiveness of terrestrial protected areas in reducing habitat loss and population declines. Biological Conservation, 161, 230-238. doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2013.02.018

  • Cook, Carly N., Carter, R. W. (Bill), Fuller, Richard A. and Hockings, Marc (2012). Managers consider multiple lines of evidence important for biodiversity management decisions. Journal of Environmental Management, 113, 341-346. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.09.002

  • Butchart, Stuart H. M., Scharlemann, Jörn P. W., Evans, Mike I., Quader, Suhel, Arico, Salvatore, Arinaitwe, Julius, Balman, Mark, Bennun, Leon A., Bertzky, Bastian, Besancon, Charles, Boucher, Timothy M., Brooks, Thomas M., Burfield, Ian J., Burgess, Neil D., Chan, Simba, Clay, Rob P., Crosby, Mike J., Davidson, Nicholas C., De Silva, Naamal, Devenish, Christian, Dutson, Guy C. L., Fernandez, David F. Día z., Fishpool, Lincoln D. C., Fitzgerald, Claire, Foster, Matt, Heath, Melanie F., Hockings, Marc, Hoffmann, Michael, Knox, David ... Woodley, Stephen (2012). Protecting important sites for biodiversity contributes to meeting global conservation targets. Plos One, 7 (3) e32529, e32529-1-e32529-8. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032529

  • Cook, Carly N. and Hockings, Marc (2011). Opportunities for improving the rigor of management effectiveness evaluations in protected areas. Conservation Letters, 4 (5), 372-382. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-263X.2011.00189.x

  • Butchart, Stuart H. M., Walpole, Matt, Collen, Ben, van Strien, Arco, Scharlemann, Jörn P. W., Almond, Rosamunde E. A., Baillie, Jonathan E. M., Bomhard, Bastian, Brown, Claire, Bruno, John, Carpenter, Kent E., Carr, Geneviève M., Chanson, Janice, Chenery, Aanna M., Csirke, Jorge, Davidson, Nick C., Dentener, Frank, Foster, Matt, Galli, Alessandro, Galloway, James N., Genovesi, Piero, Gregory, Richard D., Hockings, Marc, Kapos, Valerie, Lamarque, Jean-Francois, Leverington, Fiona, Loh, Jonathan, McGeoch, Melodie A., McRae, Louise ... Watson, Reg (2010). Global biodiversity: indicators of recent declines. Science, 328 (5982), 1164-1168. doi: 10.1126/science.1187512

  • Walpole, M., Almond, R. E. A., Besançon, C., Butchart, S. H. M., Campbell-Lendrum, D., Carr, G. M., Collen, B., Collette, L., Davidson, N. C., Dulloo, E., Fazel, A. M., Galloway, J. N., Gill, M., Goverse, T., Hockings, M. T., Leaman, D. J., Morgan, D. H. W., Revenga, C., Rickwood, C. J., Schutyser, F., Simons, S., Stattersfield, A. J., Tyrrell, T. D., Vié, Jean-C. and Zimsky, M. (2009). Tracking progress toward the 2010 biodiversity target and beyond. Science, 325 (5947), 1503-1504. doi: 10.1126/science.1175466

  • Hockings, M., Stolton, S., Dudley, N. and James, R. (2009). Data credibility: What are the 'right' data for evaluating management effectiveness of protected areas?. New Directions for Evaluation, 2009 (122), 53-63. doi: 10.1002/ev.295

  • Hockings, M., Cook, C. N., Carter, R. W. and James, R. (2009). Accountability, reporting, or management improvement? Development of a State of the Parks assessment system in New South Wales, Australia. Environmental Management, 43 (6), 1013-1025. doi: 10.1007/s00267-009-9277-9

  • Axford, Joanna C., Hockings, Marcus T. and Carter, R. W. (Bill) (2008). What constitutes success in Pacific Island community conserved areas?. Ecology and Society, 13 (2) 45, 1-15. doi: 10.5751/ES-02540-130245

  • Hockings, M. T., Stolton, S. and Dudley, N. (2004). Management effectiveness: Assessing management of protected areas?. Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning, 6 (2), 157-174. doi: 10.1080/1523908042000320731

  • Dudley, N., Hockings, M. T. and Stolton, S. (2004). Options for guaranteeing the effective management of the world's protected areas. Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning, 6 (2), 131-142. doi: 10.1080/1523908042000320713

Book

Book Chapter

  • Hockings, Marc, Lilley, Ian, Matar, Diane A., Dudley, Nigel and Markham, Robert (2020). Integrating science and local knowledge to strengthen biosphere reserve management. UNESCO Biosphere Reserves: supporting biocultural diversity, sustainability and society. (pp. 241-253) edited by Maureen G. Reed and Martin F. Price. Abingdon, Oxon, United Kingdom: Routledge. doi: 10.4324/9780429428746-19

  • Dudley, Nigel and Hockings, Marc (2017). Marine protected area governance and effectiveness across networks. Management of marine protected areas: a network perspective. (pp. 69-87) edited by Paul D. Goriup. Chichester, West Sussex, United Kingdom: Wiley Blackwell. doi: 10.1002/9781119075806.ch4

  • Barnes, M., Craigie, I. D. and Hockings, M. (2016). Towards understanding drivers of wildlife population trends in terrestrial protected areas. Protected areas: are they safeguarding biodiversity?. (pp. 134-149) edited by Lucas N. Joppa, Jonathan E. M. Baillie and John G. Robinson. Chichester, West Sussex, United Kingdom: John Wiley & Sons. doi: 10.1002/9781118338117.ch8

  • Enkerlin-Hoeflich, Ernesto C., Sandwith, Trevor, MacKinnon, Kathy, Allen, Diana, Andrade, Angela, Badman, Tim, Bueno, Paula, Campbell, Kathryn, Ervin, Jamison, Laffoley, Dan, Hay-Edie, Terence, Hockings, Marc, Johansson, Stig, Keenleyside, Karen, Langhammer, Penny, Mueller, Eduard, Vierros, Marjo, Welling, Leigh, Woodley, Stephen and Dudley, Nigel (2015). IUCN/WCPA protected areas program: making space for people and biodiversity in the anthropocene. Earth stewardship, ecology and ethics 2. (pp. 339-350) edited by Ricardo Rozzi, F. Stuart Chapin III, J. Baird Callicott, S. T. A. Pickett, Mary E. Power, Juan J. Armesto and Roy H. May Jr.. Cham, Switzerland: Springer. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-12133-8_22

  • Hockings, Marc, Leverington, Fiona and Cook, Carly (2015). Protected area management effectiveness. Protected area governance and management. (pp. 889-928) edited by Graeme L. Worboys, Michael Lockwood, Ashish Kothari, Sue Feary and Ian Pulsford. Canberra, ACT, Australia: ANU Press.

  • Craigie, Ian D., Grech, Alana, Pressey, Robert L., Adams, Vanessa M., Hockings, Marc, Taylor, Martin and Barnes, Megan (2015). Terrestrial protected areas of Australia. Austral ark: the state of wildlife in Australia and New Zealand. (pp. 560-581) edited by Adam Stow, Norman Maclea and Gregory I. Holwell. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. doi: 10.1017/CBO9781139519960.028

  • Armenteras, Dolors, Finlayson, C. Max, Agard, John, Butchart, Stuart H. M., Carino, Joji, Cheung, William W. L., Collen, Ben, Firbank, Leslie G., Hales, Simon, Hockings, Marc, Hoft, Robert, Kitzes, Justin, McGeoch, Melodie A., Prip, Christian, Oldfield, Thomasina E. E., Redford, Kent H., Toivonen, Heikki, Burgess, Neil, Baudoin, Mario, Bertzky, Bastian, Dudley, Nigel, Fuentes, Rod, Galli, Alessandro, Kapos, Valerie, Krueger, Linda, Gohale, Yogesh, Kothari, Ashish, Ingram, J. Carter, Ramirez, Camilo Garcia ... Morales Rivas, Monica (2012). Biodiversity. Global environment outlook GEO 5: environment for the future we want. (pp. 133-166) edited by United Nations Environment Programme. Nairobi, Kenya: United Nations Environment Programme.

  • Dudley, Nigel, Hockings, Marc and Stolton, Sue (2010). Precious places: Getting the arguments right. Arguments for protected areas: Multiple benefits for conservation and use. (pp. 253-264) edited by Sue Stolton and Nigel Dudley. London, U.K. ; Washington, DC, U.S.A.: Earthscan. doi: 10.4324/9781849774888

  • Lockwood, M., Worboys, G., Zeller, D., Marsh, J., Hockings, M. T., Leverington, F. J., Stolton, S. and Dudley, N. (2008). The functions and processes of protected area management. The world's protected areas: Status, values and prospects in the 21st century. (pp. 120-145) edited by Stuart Chape, Mark Spalding and Martin Jenkins. Berkeley, CA.,U.S.: University of California Press.

  • Hockings, Marc, Leverington, Fiona and James, Robyn (2006). Evaluating management effectiveness. Managing protected areas: A global guide. (pp. 635-655) edited by Michael Lockwood, Graeme L. Worboys and Ashish Kothari. London, U.K.: Earthscan.

  • Hockings, Marc, Leverington, Fiona and James, Robyn (2005). Evaluating management effectiveness. Protected area management: Principles and practices. (pp. 553-568) edited by Graeme L. Worboys, Michael Lockwood and Terry De Lacy. Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press.

  • Hockings, M., Stolton, S. A. and Dudley, N. (2004). Com s’ha d’avaluar l’efectivitat? Pautes per al disseny de polítiques i la gestió d’espais naturals protegits. El PEIN deu anys després: Balanç i perspectives. (pp. 29-40) edited by Josep Maria Mallarach i Carrera, Josep Vila and Diego Varga. Girona, Spain: Universitat de Girona, Cátedra de Geografia i Pensament Territorial.

  • Leverington, F. and Hockings, M. T. (2004). Evaluating the effectiveness of protected area management: The challenge of change. Securing protected areas in the face of global change: Issues and strategies. (pp. 169-212) edited by C V Barber and K R Miller and M Boness. Gland, Switzerland ; Cambridge, U.K.: IUCN Publications Services Unit.

  • Hockings, M. T. (2003). Indicators. An assessment of the values of Kosciuszko National Park. (pp. 287-294) Fyshwick, ACT: NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service.

  • Dudley, N., Hockings, M. T. and Stolton, S. (1999). Measuring the effectiveness of protected area management. Partnerships for protection: New strategies for planning and management for protected areas. (pp. 249-257) edited by N. Dudley and S. Stolton. London: Earthscan. doi: 10.4324/9781315071398-40

Journal Article

Conference Publication

Other Outputs

Grants (Administered at UQ)

PhD and MPhil Supervision

Completed Supervision