Dr Prabhakar Ramachandran is the Director of Medical Physics at the Princess Alexandra Hospital (Ipswich Road). He has post-graduate degrees in Medical Physics, Electronics Engineering, and Computer Science. He earned his PhD from the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi. He holds accreditation in Radiotherapy QA from the Australasian College of Physical Scientists and Engineers in Medicine (ACPSEM) and in Radiation Safety from the Australasian Radiation Protection Society Inc (ARPS). He is also board certified by the American Board of Radiology. His research interests include real-time dosimetry, treatment planning, 4D-imaging, radiation dosimetry, and developing deep learning models for Gamma Knife radiotherapy.
Journal Article: Generating missing patient anatomy from partially acquired cone-beam computed tomography images using deep learning: a proof of concept
Shields, Benjamin and Ramachandran, Prabhakar (2023). Generating missing patient anatomy from partially acquired cone-beam computed tomography images using deep learning: a proof of concept. Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine, 46 (3), 1-10. doi: 10.1007/s13246-023-01302-y
Journal Article: Auto-Segmentation of Thoracic Organs in CT Scans of Breast Cancer Patients using a 3D U-Net Cascaded into PatchGANs
Colbert, Zachery Morton and Ramachandran, Prabhakar (2023). Auto-Segmentation of Thoracic Organs in CT Scans of Breast Cancer Patients using a 3D U-Net Cascaded into PatchGANs. Biomedical Physics & Engineering Express, 9 (5) 055011, 055011. doi: 10.1088/2057-1976/ace631
Journal Article: Investigation of computed tomography numbers on multiple imaging systems using single and multislice methods
Ramachandran, Prabhakar, Mehta, Akash, Arrington, Daniel, Motley, Ryan, Seshadri, Venkatakrishnan, Anderson, Darcie, Lehman, Margot and Perrett, Ben (2023). Investigation of computed tomography numbers on multiple imaging systems using single and multislice methods. Journal of Medical Physics, 48 (1), 26. doi: 10.4103/jmp.jmp_3_23
ACRF Facility for Targeted Radiometals in Cancer (AFTRiC)
(2021–2023) Australian Cancer Research Foundation
Investigation into assessment methods of heterogeneity within MR and MRS images of brain tumours treated with Leksell Gamma Knife and their predictive value for treatment outcome
Doctor Philosophy
Role of artificial intelligence in automatic segmentation of brain metastases for radiotherapy
Ramachandran, Prabhakar, Seshadri, Venkatakrishnan, Perrett, Ben, Mehta, Akash, Fontanarosa, Davide, Pinkham, Mark and Foote, Matthew (2022). Role of artificial intelligence in automatic segmentation of brain metastases for radiotherapy. Artificial intelligence in cancer diagnosis and prognosis, Volume 3: Brain and prostate cancer. (pp. 4-1-4-23) edited by Ayman El-Baz and Jasjit S Suri. Bristol, U.K. : IOP Publishing. doi: 10.1088/978-0-7503-3603-1ch4
Shields, Benjamin and Ramachandran, Prabhakar (2023). Generating missing patient anatomy from partially acquired cone-beam computed tomography images using deep learning: a proof of concept. Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine, 46 (3), 1-10. doi: 10.1007/s13246-023-01302-y
Colbert, Zachery Morton and Ramachandran, Prabhakar (2023). Auto-Segmentation of Thoracic Organs in CT Scans of Breast Cancer Patients using a 3D U-Net Cascaded into PatchGANs. Biomedical Physics & Engineering Express, 9 (5) 055011, 055011. doi: 10.1088/2057-1976/ace631
Ramachandran, Prabhakar, Mehta, Akash, Arrington, Daniel, Motley, Ryan, Seshadri, Venkatakrishnan, Anderson, Darcie, Lehman, Margot and Perrett, Ben (2023). Investigation of computed tomography numbers on multiple imaging systems using single and multislice methods. Journal of Medical Physics, 48 (1), 26. doi: 10.4103/jmp.jmp_3_23
Bognar, Joshua and Ramachandran, Prabhakar (2022). Autosegmentation of brain metastases using 3D FCNN models and methods to manage GPU memory limitations. Biomedical Physics and Engineering Express, 8 (6) 065027, 1-13. doi: 10.1088/2057-1976/ac9b5b
Ramachandran, Prabhakar, Perrett, Ben, Ukath, Jaysree, Horgan, Emma and Noble, Chris (2022). A framework for exactrac dynamic commissioning for stereotactic radiosurgery and stereotactic ablative radiotherapy. Journal of Medical Physics, 47 (4), 398-408. doi: 10.4103/jmp.jmp_67_22
Broadhead, Benjamin, Noble, Christopher and Ramachandran, Prabhakar (2022). A direct comparison of the optically stimulated luminescent properties of BeO and Al2O3 for clinical in-vivo dosimetry. Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine, 45 (3), 859-866. doi: 10.1007/s13246-022-01155-x
Ramachandran, Prabhakar, Parveen, Nazia, Seshadri, Venkatakrishnan, Perrett, Ben and Fielding, Andrew (2022). Comparison and validation of multiple detectors against monte carlo simulation for the use of small-field dosimetry. Journal of Medical Physics, 47 (3), 235-242. doi: 10.4103/jmp.jmp_35_22
Motley, Ryan, Fielding, Andrew L and Ramachandran, Prabhakar (2022). A feasibility study on the development and use of a deep learning model to automate real-time monitoring of tumor position and assessment of interfraction fiducial marker migration in prostate radiotherapy patients. Biomedical Physics and Engineering Express, 8 (3) 035009. doi: 10.1088/2057-1976/ac34da
Amarsee, Keya, Ramachandran, Prabhakar, Fielding, Andrew, Lehman, Margot, Noble, Christopher, Perrett, Ben and Ning, Daryl (2021). Automatic detection and tracking of marker seeds implanted in prostate cancer patients using a deep learning algorithm. Journal of Medical Physics, 46 (2), 80-87. doi: 10.4103/jmp.JMP_117_20
Use of GammaPlan convolution algorithm for dose calculation on CT and cone-beam CT images
Ramachandran, Prabhakar, Perrett, Ben, Dancewicz, Orrie, Seshadri, Venkatakrishnan, Jones, Catherine, Mehta, Akash and Foote, Matthew (2021). Use of GammaPlan convolution algorithm for dose calculation on CT and cone-beam CT images. Radiation Oncology Journal, 39 (2), 129-138. doi: 10.3857/roj.2020.00640
Ramachandran, Prabhakar, Smith, Amanda, Hagekyriakou, Jim, Hughes, Jeremy, Lonski, Peta, Howard, Beth, Osbourne, Glen, Orr, Kylie, Kaur, Ravneet and Kron, Tomas (2021). Contralateral breast dose with electronic compensators and conventional tangential fields - A clinical dosimetric study. Zeitschrift fur medizinische Physik, 31 (4), 347-354. doi: 10.1016/j.zemedi.2021.04.003
A 3D printed phantom to assess MRI geometric distortion
Ramachandran, Prabhakar, Noble, Christopher, Langton, Christian, Perrett, Ben, Cox, Joshua, Chapman, Mike and McGill, George (2021). A 3D printed phantom to assess MRI geometric distortion. Biomedical Physics and Engineering Express, 7 (3) 035004, 035004. doi: 10.1088/2057-1976/abeb7e
Chen, Semaya Natalia, Ramachandran, Prabhakar and Deb, Pradip (2020). Dosimetric comparative study of 3DCRT, IMRT, VMAT, Ecomp, and Hybrid techniques for breast radiation therapy. Radiation Oncology Journal, 38 (4), 270-281. doi: 10.3857/roj.2020.00619
Panettieri, Vanessa, Ball, David, Chapman, Adam, Cristofaro, Nigel, Gawthrop, Janet, Griffin, Peter, Herath, Sisira, Hoyle, Susan, Jukes, Liam, Kron, Tomas, Markham, Cathy, Marr, Loretta, Moloney, Phillip, Nelli, Flavio, Ramachandran, Prabhakar, Smith, Amanda and Hornby, Colin J (2019). Development of a multicentre automated model to reduce planning variability in radiotherapy of prostate cancer. Physics and Imaging in Radiation Oncology, 11, 34-40. doi: 10.1016/j.phro.2019.07.005
Tajaldeen, Abdulrahman, Ramachandran, Prabhakar, Alghamdi, Salem and Geso, Moshi (2019). On the use of AAA and AcurosXB algorithms for three different stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) techniques: Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and 3D conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT). Reports of Practical Oncology and Radiotherapy, 24 (4), 399-408. doi: 10.1016/j.rpor.2019.02.008
Shahhoseini, Elham, Ramachandran, Prabhakar, Patterson, William Roy and Geso, Moshi (2018). Determination of dose enhancement caused by AuNPs with Xoft (R) Axxent (R) Electronic (eBx (TM)) and conventional brachytherapy: in vitro study. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 13, 5733-5741. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S174624
Ramachandran, Prabhakar, Tajaldeen, Abdulrahman, Taylor, David, Wanigaratne, Derrick, Roozen, Karl and Geso, Moshi (2017). Evaluation and performance of ArcCheck and film using gamma criteria in pre-treatment quality assurance of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy. Journal of Medical Physics, 42 (4), 251-257. doi: 10.4103/jmp.JMP_132_16
New era of electronic brachytherapy
Ramachandran, Prabhakar (2017). New era of electronic brachytherapy. World Journal of Radiology, 9 (4), 148-154. doi: 10.4329/wjr.v9.i4.148
Lonski, Peta, Ramachandran, Prabhakar, Franich, Rick and Kron, Tomas (2017). Surface dose measurements in and out of field: Implications for breast radiotherapy with megavoltage photon beams. Zeitschrift Fur Medizinische Physik, 27 (4), 318-323. doi: 10.1016/j.zemedi.2017.05.002
Oates, Richard, Jones, Daryl, Foroudi, Farshad, Gill, Suki, Ramachandran, Prabhakar, Schneider, Michal, Lim Joon, Michael and Kron, Tomas (2016). Geographical miss of the prostate during image-guided radiotherapy with a 6-mm posterior expansion margin. Journal of medical radiation sciences, 64 (2), 97-105. doi: 10.1002/jmrs.186
Prabhakar, Ramachandran, Oates, Richard, Daryl, Jones, Chang, Joe, Geso, Moshi and Cramb, Jim (2016). Rectal complication probability from composite volumes derived from daily cone beam computed tomography in prostate cancer radiotherapy. Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics, 12 (1), 374-378. doi: 10.4103/0973-1482.174529
Gehrke, Christopher, Oates, Richard, Ramachandran, Prabhakar, Deloar, Hossain M., Gill, Suki and Kron, Tomas (2015). Automatic tracking of gold seed markers from CBCT image projections in lung and prostate radiotherapy. Physica Medica, 31 (2), 185-191. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2015.01.002
Prabhakar, Ramachandran, Oates, Richard, Jones, Daryl, Kron, Tomas, Cramb, Jim, Foroudi, Farshad, Geso, Moshi and Gill, Suki (2014). A study on planning organ at risk volume for the rectum using cone beam computed tomography in the treatment of prostate cancer. Medical Dosimetry, 39 (1), 38-43. doi: 10.1016/j.meddos.2013.09.003
Real-time dosimetry in external beam radiation therapy
Prabhakar, Ramachandran (2013). Real-time dosimetry in external beam radiation therapy. World Journal of Radiology, 5 (10), 352-355. doi: 10.4329/wjr.v5.i10.352
Volumetric modulated arc therapy for prostate cancer patients with hip prosthesis
Prabhakar, Ramachandran, Kumar, Milind, Cheruliyil, Suja, Jayakumar, Silpa, Balasubramanian, Satheesan and Cramb, Jim (2013). Volumetric modulated arc therapy for prostate cancer patients with hip prosthesis. Reports of Practical Oncology and Radiotherapy, 18 (4), 209-213. doi: 10.1016/j.rpor.2013.03.006
Prabhakar, Ramachandran, Cramb, Jim, Gehrke, Christopher, Anderson, Justin and Andrews, Judy (2012). A study of segment weight optimization with the CMS XiO step-and-shoot IMRT technique for prostate cancer. Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics, 13 (1), 205-214. doi: 10.1120/jacmp.v13i1.3622
Prabhakar, Ramachandran (2012). Automatic verification of SSD and generation of respiratory signal with lasers in radiotherapy: A preliminary study. Physica Medica-European Journal of Medical Physics, 28 (1), 43-47. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2011.02.002
A feasibility study of using couch-based real time dosimetric device in external beam radiotherapy
Prabhakar, Ramachandran, Cramb, Jim and Kron, Tomas (2011). A feasibility study of using couch-based real time dosimetric device in external beam radiotherapy. Medical Physics, 38 (12), 6539-6552. doi: 10.1118/1.3660773
A simple plan evaluation index based on the dose to critical structures in radiotherapy
Prabhakar, Ramachandran and Rath, Goura K. (2011). A simple plan evaluation index based on the dose to critical structures in radiotherapy. Journal of Medical Physics, 36 (4), 192-197. doi: 10.4103/0971-6203.89965
Prabhakar, Ramachandran, Rath, Goura Kishor, Haresh, Kunhi Parambath, Manoharan, Nalliah, Laviraj, Macherla Anjaneyulu, Rajendran, Molaiyan and Julka, Pramod Kumar (2011). A study on the tumor volume computation between different 3D treatment planning systems in radiotherapy. Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics, 7 (2), 168-173. doi: 10.4103/0973-1482.82917
Joshi, Nikhil P., Haresh, Kunhi Parambath, Das, Prasenjit, Kumar, Rajender, Prabhakar, Ramachandran, Sharma, Daya Nand, Heera, Puthiyeduthu, Julka, Pramod Kumar and Rath, Goura Kishor (2010). Unresectable basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the trachea treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy: A case report with review of literature. Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics, 6 (3), 321-323. doi: 10.4103/0973-1482.73341
Dose volume uniformity index: a simple tool for treatment plan evaluation in brachytherapy
Prabhakar, Ramachandran (2010). Dose volume uniformity index: a simple tool for treatment plan evaluation in brachytherapy. Journal of Contemporary Brachytherapy, 2 (2), 71-75. doi: 10.5114/jcb.2010.14405
Prabhakar, Ramachandran, Jagadesan, Pandjatcharam, Haresh, Kunhi P., Karuna, Singh, Julka, Pramod Kumar and Rath, Goura Kishor (2010). A study on the variation of bladder and rectal doses with respiration in intracavitary brachytherapy for cervix cancer. Journal of Contemporary Brachytherapy, 2 (1), 24-27. doi: 10.5114/jcb.2010.13719
Prabhakar, Ramachandran, Laviraj, Macherla A., Haresh, Kunhi Parambath, Julka, Pramod K. and Rath, Goura K. (2010). Impact of patient setup error in the treatment of head and neck cancer with intensity modulated radiation therapy. Physica Medica, 26 (1), 26-33. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2009.05.001
A technique for verification of isocenter position in tangential field breast irradiation
Prabhakar, Ramachandran, Pande, Manish, Harsh, Kumar, Julk, Pramod K., Ganesh, Tharmar and Rath, Goura K. (2009). A technique for verification of isocenter position in tangential field breast irradiation. Medical Dosimetry, 34 (1), 16-19. doi: 10.1016/j.meddos.2007.07.002
Impact of different CT slice thickness on clinical target volume for 3D conformal radiation therapy
Prabhakar, Ramachandran, Ganesh, Tharmar, Rath, Goura K., Julka, Pramod K., Sridhar, Pappiah S., Joshi, Rakesh C. and Thulkar, Sanjay (2009). Impact of different CT slice thickness on clinical target volume for 3D conformal radiation therapy. Medical Dosimetry, 34 (1), 36-41. doi: 10.1016/j.meddos.2007.09.002
Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the trachea treated with PET-CT based intensity modulated radiotherapy
Haresh, Kunhi Parambath, Prabhakar, Ramachandran, Rath, Goura K., Sharma, Daya Nand, Julka, Pramod K. and Subramani, V. (2008). Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the trachea treated with PET-CT based intensity modulated radiotherapy. Journal of Thoracic Oncology, 3 (7), 793-795. doi: 10.1097/JTO.0b013e31817c9245
Granulocytic sarcoma masquerading as Ewings sarcoma: A diagnostic dilemma
Haresh, Kunhi Parambath, Joshi, Nikhil, Gupta, Chaitali, Prabhakar, Ramachandran, Sharma, Daya Nand, Julka, Pramod Kumar and Rath, Goura Kishor (2008). Granulocytic sarcoma masquerading as Ewings sarcoma: A diagnostic dilemma. Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics, 4 (3), 137-139. doi: 10.4103/0973-1482.43150
Prabhakar, Ramachandran, Rath, Goura K., Julka, Pramod K., Ganesh, Tharmar, Haresh, K. P., Joshi, Rakesh C., Senthamizhchelvan, S., Thulkar, Sanjay and Pant, G. S. (2008). Simulation of dose to surrounding normal structures in tangential breast radiotherapy due to setup error. Medical Dosimetry, 33 (1), 81-85. doi: 10.1016/j.meddos.2007.03.003
Execution of mantle field with multileaf collimator: A simple approach
Prabhakar, Ramachandran, Haresh, Parambath P., Sridhar, Pappiah S., Laviraj, Macharla A., Julka, Pramod K. and Rath, Goura K. (2008). Execution of mantle field with multileaf collimator: A simple approach. Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics, 4 (1), 18-20. doi: 10.4103/0973-1482.39600
Prabhakar, Ramachandran, Tharmar, Ganesh, Julka, Pramod K., Rath, Goura K., Joshi, Rakesh C., Bansal, Anil K., Bisht, R. K., Gopishankar, N., Pant, G. S. and Thulkar, S. (2007). Impact of different breathing conditions on the dose to surrounding normal structures in tangential field breast radiotherapy. Journal of Medical Physics, 32 (1), 24-28. doi: 10.4103/0971-6203.31146
Radiation injury to the spinal cord in head and neck cancers: Does field arrangement have a role
Anusheel, Munshi, Prabhakar, Ramachandran and Mohanti, Bidhu (2006). Radiation injury to the spinal cord in head and neck cancers: Does field arrangement have a role. Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics, 2 (2), 65-67. doi: 10.4103/0973-1482.25852
ACRF Facility for Targeted Radiometals in Cancer (AFTRiC)
(2021–2023) Australian Cancer Research Foundation
Investigation into assessment methods of heterogeneity within MR and MRS images of brain tumours treated with Leksell Gamma Knife and their predictive value for treatment outcome
Doctor Philosophy — Associate Advisor