I use geochemistry to investigate the roles of fluids and volatiles in geological processes stretching from the Earth's surface to the deep mantle. I am particularly interested in hydrothermal alteration, metasomatism/metamorphism and magmatism. The common link between these areas, and the aim of my recent research, has been to investigate the longterm exchange of volatiles between the Earth's surface and mantle reservoirs, stretching from the seafloor, through subduction zones and into the mantle. I participated in Expedition 360 of the International Ocean Discovery Program in 2016, to the slow-spreading Atlantis Bank core complex on the SW Indian Ridge, where I acted as shipboard geochemist and crossed the equator by boat for the first time. I have long standing interests in fluid inclusions as tiny recorders of past fluid activity and special interests in the halogen and noble gas groups of elements.
I moved to UQ in 2019 from the Australian National University where I was a continuing Fellow and had held an ARC Future Fellowship. Prior to that I had an ARC QEII Fellowship at the University of Melbourne (2008-2013) and postdoctoral appointments at the University of Melbourne (2004-2008) and the Geological Survey of Norway (2001-2003). I did my PhD at the University of Manchester (2001) and undergraduate studies in Geology at the University of Edinburgh (1996).
Fluids enable the exchange of volatiles between the Earth's surface and mantle reservoirs, which has significant implications for the evolution of our planet, it's habitibility and climate. Hydrothermal fluids also form economically important ore deposits.
Investigating the origin of ore forming fluids can impact exploration strategies. For example, fingerprinting if ore forming fluids are related to magmatic activity or the former presence of evaporitic salt, helps delimit which areas are prospective for different metals. I wrote a chapter summarising halogen and noble gas constraints on fluid sources and acquisition of salinity in the Noble Gases as Geochemical Tracers.
My most important (and shortest) contributions to the fundamental process of global volatile (re)cycling are Kendrick et al., 2011 and Kendrick et al., 2017. I wrote a review of the behaviour of halogens in altered oceanic lithosphere in The Role of Halogens in Terrestrial and Extraterrestrial Processes.
Journal Article: SW Pacific arc and backarc lavas and the role of slab-bend serpentinites in the global halogen cycle
Kendrick, Mark A., Danyushevsky, Leonid V., Falloon, Trevor J., Woodhead, Jon D., Arculus, Richard J. and Ireland, Trevor (2020). SW Pacific arc and backarc lavas and the role of slab-bend serpentinites in the global halogen cycle. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 530 115921, 115921. doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2019.115921
Journal Article: Halogens and noble gases in serpentinites and secondary peridotites: implications for seawater subduction and the origin of mantle neon
Kendrick, Mark A., Scambelluri, Marco, Hermann, Jӧrg and Padrón-Navarta, José Alberto (2018). Halogens and noble gases in serpentinites and secondary peridotites: implications for seawater subduction and the origin of mantle neon. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 235, 285-304. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2018.03.024
Book Chapter: Halogens in seawater, marine sediments and the altered oceanic lithosphere
Kendrick, Mark A. (2018). Halogens in seawater, marine sediments and the altered oceanic lithosphere. The role of halogens in terrestrial and extraterrestrial geochemical processes: surface, crust, and mantle. (pp. 591-648) edited by Daniel E. Harlov and Leonid Aranovich. Cham, Switzerland: Springer. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-61667-4_9
Journal Article: Seawater cycled throughout Earth's mantle in partially serpentinized lithosphere
Kendrick, M. A., Hémond, C., Kamenetsky, V. S., Danyushevsky, L., Devey, C. W., Rodemann, T., Jackson, M. G. and Perfit, M. R. (2017). Seawater cycled throughout Earth's mantle in partially serpentinized lithosphere. Nature Geoscience, 10 (3), 222-228. doi: 10.1038/ngeo2902
Journal Article: Quantifying brine assimilation by submarine magmas: examples from the Galápagos Spreading Centre and Lau Basin
Kendrick, Mark A., Arculus, Richard, Burnard, Pete and Honda, Masahiko (2013). Quantifying brine assimilation by submarine magmas: examples from the Galápagos Spreading Centre and Lau Basin. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 123, 150-165. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2013.09.012
Journal Article: Subduction zone fluxes of halogens and noble gases in seafloor and forearc serpentinites
Kendrick, Mark A., Honda, Masahiko, Pettke, Thomas, Scambelluri, Marco, Phillips, David and Giuliani, Andrea (2013). Subduction zone fluxes of halogens and noble gases in seafloor and forearc serpentinites. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 365, 86-96. doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2013.01.006
Book Chapter: Noble gases and halogens in fluid inclusions: A journey through the earth’s crust
Kendrick, Mark A. and Burnard, Pete (2013). Noble gases and halogens in fluid inclusions: A journey through the earth’s crust. The Noble Gases as Geochemical Tracers. (pp. 319-369) Heidelberg, Germany: Springer. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-28836-4_10
Journal Article: High abundances of noble gas and chlorine delivered to the mantle by serpentinite subduction
Kendrick, Mark A., Scambelluri, Marco, Honda, Masahiko and Phillips, David (2011). High abundances of noble gas and chlorine delivered to the mantle by serpentinite subduction. Nature Geoscience, 4 (11), 807-812. doi: 10.1038/NGEO1270
Journal Article: The noble gas systematics of late-orogenic H2O-CO2 fluids, Mt Isa, Australia
Kendrick, M. A., Honda, M., Oliver, N. H.S. and Phillips, D. (2011). The noble gas systematics of late-orogenic H2O-CO2 fluids, Mt Isa, Australia. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 75 (6), 1428-1450. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2010.12.005
Evaluation of seafloor-carbonation feedback on atmospheric CO2
(2022) Australian National University
The halogen composition of subducting oceanic sediments
(2022) Australian National University
(2021–2022) Australian National University
Halogens and noble gases in serpentinite-blueschist associated jadeitites
Doctor Philosophy
Recycling halogens and noble gases in sediments and meta-sediments
Doctor Philosophy
Halogens in mantle xenoliths as proxies for global volatile cycling
Doctor Philosophy
Alteration of the oceanic lithosphere: insights from halogens
The nature of fluids responsible for alteration of the oceanic crust (seawater versus magmatic) and the volatile content of the oceanic crust that is subducted into the mantle exert critical controls on the recycling of elements from the Earth's surface to the mantle. This study will use cutting edge techniques to investigate all four halogens (F, Cl, Br and I) in altered ocean crust recovered by seafloor drilling. This is important because halogens are the dominant ligands that enable metal transport in hydrothermal solution and bromine and iodine are essential elements for life, but there abundances in oceanic crust are poorly known. A combination of in situ and bulk analyses will be used to link the behaviour of halogens to other trace elements and fluid chemistry, and to provide new information about hydrothermal mineralisation and geochemical cycling of elements in the oceanic crust.
The timing and duration of seafloor alteration
Alteration of the oceanic crust controls the composition of seawater and the slab that is subducted into the mantle. It was traditionally assumed that most alteration occurs close to the spreading axis; however, low temperature alteration could influence oceanic crust intermitently throughout its life cycle. This project will characterise alteration in drill cores recovered from the W Pacific and W Atlantic using a range of techniques including SEM and electron microprobe and then investigate the timing of the alteration processes via newly developed U-Pb carbonate dating as well as U-Pb titanite and 40Ar-39Ar geochronology.
Geochemistry of SW Pacific Backarc Basins
Tungsten or boron isotopes in backarc basin basalts, will provide information about the nature of mantle components underlying SW Pacific backarc basins. Previous work suggests these include depleted mantle wedge, subducted components (fluids and melts) and primitive mantle components with high 3He/4He ratios that probably formed early in Earth's history and are expected to have tungsten isotope anomalies. This project is in partnership with Monash University.
SW Pacific arc and backarc lavas and the role of slab-bend serpentinites in the global halogen cycle
Kendrick, Mark A., Danyushevsky, Leonid V., Falloon, Trevor J., Woodhead, Jon D., Arculus, Richard J. and Ireland, Trevor (2020). SW Pacific arc and backarc lavas and the role of slab-bend serpentinites in the global halogen cycle. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 530 115921, 115921. doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2019.115921
Kendrick, Mark A., Scambelluri, Marco, Hermann, Jӧrg and Padrón-Navarta, José Alberto (2018). Halogens and noble gases in serpentinites and secondary peridotites: implications for seawater subduction and the origin of mantle neon. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 235, 285-304. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2018.03.024
Halogens in seawater, marine sediments and the altered oceanic lithosphere
Kendrick, Mark A. (2018). Halogens in seawater, marine sediments and the altered oceanic lithosphere. The role of halogens in terrestrial and extraterrestrial geochemical processes: surface, crust, and mantle. (pp. 591-648) edited by Daniel E. Harlov and Leonid Aranovich. Cham, Switzerland: Springer. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-61667-4_9
Seawater cycled throughout Earth's mantle in partially serpentinized lithosphere
Kendrick, M. A., Hémond, C., Kamenetsky, V. S., Danyushevsky, L., Devey, C. W., Rodemann, T., Jackson, M. G. and Perfit, M. R. (2017). Seawater cycled throughout Earth's mantle in partially serpentinized lithosphere. Nature Geoscience, 10 (3), 222-228. doi: 10.1038/ngeo2902
Kendrick, Mark A., Arculus, Richard, Burnard, Pete and Honda, Masahiko (2013). Quantifying brine assimilation by submarine magmas: examples from the Galápagos Spreading Centre and Lau Basin. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 123, 150-165. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2013.09.012
Subduction zone fluxes of halogens and noble gases in seafloor and forearc serpentinites
Kendrick, Mark A., Honda, Masahiko, Pettke, Thomas, Scambelluri, Marco, Phillips, David and Giuliani, Andrea (2013). Subduction zone fluxes of halogens and noble gases in seafloor and forearc serpentinites. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 365, 86-96. doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2013.01.006
Noble gases and halogens in fluid inclusions: A journey through the earth’s crust
Kendrick, Mark A. and Burnard, Pete (2013). Noble gases and halogens in fluid inclusions: A journey through the earth’s crust. The Noble Gases as Geochemical Tracers. (pp. 319-369) Heidelberg, Germany: Springer. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-28836-4_10
High abundances of noble gas and chlorine delivered to the mantle by serpentinite subduction
Kendrick, Mark A., Scambelluri, Marco, Honda, Masahiko and Phillips, David (2011). High abundances of noble gas and chlorine delivered to the mantle by serpentinite subduction. Nature Geoscience, 4 (11), 807-812. doi: 10.1038/NGEO1270
The noble gas systematics of late-orogenic H2O-CO2 fluids, Mt Isa, Australia
Kendrick, M. A., Honda, M., Oliver, N. H.S. and Phillips, D. (2011). The noble gas systematics of late-orogenic H2O-CO2 fluids, Mt Isa, Australia. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 75 (6), 1428-1450. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2010.12.005
Kendrick, Mark A. (2018). Argon. Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series. (pp. 53-55) edited by William M. White. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-39193-9_208-3
Kendrick, Mark A. (2018). Chlorine. Encyclopedia of Geochemistry. (pp. 241-244) Cham, Switzerland: Springer. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-39312-4_89
Kendrick, Mark A. (2018). Halogens. Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series. (pp. 645-649) Cham, Switzerland: Springer. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-39312-4_95
Halogens in seawater, marine sediments and the altered oceanic lithosphere
Kendrick, Mark A. (2018). Halogens in seawater, marine sediments and the altered oceanic lithosphere. The role of halogens in terrestrial and extraterrestrial geochemical processes: surface, crust, and mantle. (pp. 591-648) edited by Daniel E. Harlov and Leonid Aranovich. Cham, Switzerland: Springer. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-61667-4_9
MacLeod, C.J., Dick, H.J.B., Blum, P., Abe, N., Blackman, D.K., Bowles, J.A., Cheadle, M.J., Cho, K., Ciazela, J., Deans, J.R., Edgcomb, V.P., Ferrando, C., France, L., Ghosh, B., Ildefonse, B.M., Kendrick, M.A., Koepke, J.H., Leong, J.A.M., Liu, C., Ma, Q., Morishita, T., Morris, A., Natland, J.H., Nozaka, T., Pluemper, O., Sanfilippo, A., Sylvan, J.B., Tivey, M.A., Tribuzio, R. and Viegas, L.G.F. (2017). Site U1473. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program. (pp. 1-136) La Jolla, CA, United States: International Ocean Discovery Program. doi: 10.14379/iodp.proc.360.103.2017
Kendrick, Mark A. (2016). Halogens. Encyclopedia of geochemistry. (pp. 1-5) edited by William M. White. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Cham. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-39193-9_95-1
Kendrick, Mark A. (2016). Chlorine. Encyclopedia of geochemistry. (pp. 1-3) edited by William M. White. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Cham. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-39193-9_89-1
Noble gases and halogens in fluid inclusions: A journey through the earth’s crust
Kendrick, Mark A. and Burnard, Pete (2013). Noble gases and halogens in fluid inclusions: A journey through the earth’s crust. The Noble Gases as Geochemical Tracers. (pp. 319-369) Heidelberg, Germany: Springer. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-28836-4_10
Sources of ore fluid components in IOCG deposits
Williams, Patrick J., Kendrick, Mark A. and Xavier, Roberto Perez (2010). Sources of ore fluid components in IOCG deposits. Hydrothermal iron oxide copper-gold and related deposits: a global perspective - advances in the understanding of IOCG deposits. (pp. 107-116) edited by T. M. Porter. Linden Park, SA Australia: PGC Publishing.
Avice, G., Kendrick, M.A., Richard, A. and Ferrière, L. (2023). Ancient atmospheric noble gases preserved in post-impact hydrothermal minerals of the 200 Ma-old Rochechouart impact structure, France. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 620 118351, 118351. doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2023.118351
The isotopic origin of Lord Howe Island reveals secondary mantle plume twinning in the Tasman Sea
Rogers, Angus, Flanigan, Michaela, Nebel, Oliver, Nebel-Jacobsen, Yona, Wang, Xueying, Arculus, Richard J., Miller, Laura, Smith, Ian, Mather, Ben R., Kendrick, Mark and O'Neill, Hugh St.C. (2023). The isotopic origin of Lord Howe Island reveals secondary mantle plume twinning in the Tasman Sea. Chemical Geology, 622 121374, 121374. doi: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2023.121374
Kendrick, Mark A., Marks, Michael A. W. and Godard, Marguerite (2022). Halogens in serpentinised-troctolites from the Atlantis Massif: implications for alteration and global volatile cycling. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 177 (12) 110, 1-18. doi: 10.1007/s00410-022-01974-x
Early accretion and prolonged carbonation of the Pacific Ocean’s oldest crust
Kendrick, Mark A., Zhao, Jianxin and Feng, Yuexing (2022). Early accretion and prolonged carbonation of the Pacific Ocean’s oldest crust. Geology, 50 (11), 1270-1275. doi: 10.1130/G49985.1
Zhao, Hesen, Wang, Qingfei, Kendrick, Mark A., Groves, David I., Fan, Tao and Deng, Jun (2022). Metasomatized mantle lithosphere and altered ocean crust as a fluid source for orogenic gold deposits. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 334, 316-337. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2022.06.012
Iron isotope systematics during igneous differentiation in lavas from Kīlauea and Mauna Loa, Hawai'i
Ruttor, Saskia, Nebel, Oliver, Nebel-Jacobsen, Yona, Norman, Marc D., Kendrick, Mark A., Rogers, Angus and Mather, Ben R. (2022). Iron isotope systematics during igneous differentiation in lavas from Kīlauea and Mauna Loa, Hawai'i. Chemical Geology, 606 120973, 1-12. doi: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2022.120973
Kendrick, Mark A., Plümper, Oliver, Zhao, Jian-Xin, Feng, Yuexing, Defliese, William F., Müller, Inigo A. and Ziegler, Martin (2022). Exhumation and carbonation of the Atlantis Bank core complex constrained by in situ U-Pb dating and Δ47 thermometry of calcite veins, SW Indian Ridge. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 584 117474, 117474. doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2022.117474
Sediments, serpentinites, and subduction: halogen recycling from the surface to the deep earth
Kendrick, Mark A. and Barnes, Jaime D. (2022). Sediments, serpentinites, and subduction: halogen recycling from the surface to the deep earth. Elements, 18 (1), 21-26. doi: 10.2138/gselements.18.1.21
Boreham, Christopher J., Sohn, Jacob H., Cox, Nicholas, Williams, Jodi, Hong, Ziqing and Kendrick, Mark A. (2021). Hydrogen and hydrocarbons associated with the Neoarchean Frog's Leg Gold Camp, Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia. Chemical Geology, 575 120098, 120098. doi: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120098
Kendrick, Mark A., Caulfield, John T., Nguyen, Ai D., Zhao, Jian-xin and Blakey, Idriss (2020). Halogen and trace element analysis of carbonate-veins and Fe-oxyhydroxide by LA-ICPMS: Implications for seafloor alteration, Atlantis Bank, SW Indian Ridge. Chemical Geology, 547 119668, 119668. doi: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2020.119668
SW Pacific arc and backarc lavas and the role of slab-bend serpentinites in the global halogen cycle
Kendrick, Mark A., Danyushevsky, Leonid V., Falloon, Trevor J., Woodhead, Jon D., Arculus, Richard J. and Ireland, Trevor (2020). SW Pacific arc and backarc lavas and the role of slab-bend serpentinites in the global halogen cycle. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 530 115921, 115921. doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2019.115921
Dick, H.J.B., MacLeod, C.J., Blum, P., Abe, N., Blackman, D.K., Bowles, J.A., Cheadle, M.J., Cho, K., Ciążela, J., Deans, J.R., Edgcomb, V.P., Ferrando, C., France, L., Ghosh, B., Ildefonse, B., John, B., Kendrick, M.A., Koepke, J., Leong, J.A.M., Liu, C., Ma, Q., Morishita, T., Morris, A., Natland, J.H., Nozaka, T., Pluemper, O., Sanfilippo, A., Sylvan, J.B., Tivey, M.A. ... Viegas, G. (2019). Dynamic accretion beneath a slow‐spreading ridge segment: IODP Hole 1473A and the Atlantis Bank Oceanic Core Complex. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 124 (12) 2018JB016858, 12631-12659. doi: 10.1029/2018jb016858
Epp, Tatjana, Marks, Michael A. W., Ludwig, Thomas, Kendrick, Mark A., Eby, Nelson, Neidhardt, Harald, Oelmann, Yvonne and Markl, Gregor (2019). Crystallographic and fluid compositional effects on the halogen (Cl, F, Br, I) incorporation in pyromorphite-group minerals. American Mineralogist, 104 (11), 1673-1688. doi: 10.2138/am-2019-7068
D'Andres, Joëlle, Kendrick, Mark A., Bennett, Vickie C. and Nutman, Allen P. (2019). Halogens in serpentinites from the Isua supracrustal belt, Greenland: an Eoarchean seawater signature and biomass proxy?. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 262, 31-59. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2019.07.017
Halogens in altered ocean crust from the East Pacific Rise (ODP/IODP Hole 1256D)
Kendrick, Mark A. (2019). Halogens in altered ocean crust from the East Pacific Rise (ODP/IODP Hole 1256D). Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 261, 93-112. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2019.06.044
Determination of the oxidation state of iron in Mid-Ocean Ridge basalt glasses by Raman spectroscopy
Losq, Charles Le, Berry, Andrew J., Kendrick, Mark A., Neuville, Daniel R. and O'Neill, Hugh St. C. (2019). Determination of the oxidation state of iron in Mid-Ocean Ridge basalt glasses by Raman spectroscopy. American Mineralogist, 104 (7), 1032-1042. doi: 10.2138/am-2019-6887
Halogens in Atlantis Bank gabbros, SW Indian Ridge: implications for styles of seafloor alteration
Kendrick, Mark A. (2019). Halogens in Atlantis Bank gabbros, SW Indian Ridge: implications for styles of seafloor alteration. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 514, 96-107. doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2019.02.034
Pyrite Re-Os age constraints on the Irankuh Zn-Pb deposit, Iran, and regional implications
Liu, YingChao, Song, YuCai, Fard, Mahmoud, Zhou, LiMin, Hou, ZengQian and Kendrick, Mark A. (2019). Pyrite Re-Os age constraints on the Irankuh Zn-Pb deposit, Iran, and regional implications. Ore Geology Reviews, 104, 148-159. doi: 10.1016/j.oregeorev.2018.11.002
Kendrick, Mark A., D'Andres, Joelle, Holden, Peter and Ireland, Trevor (2018). Halogens (F, Cl, Br, I) in thirteen USGS, GSJ and NIST international rock and glass reference materials. Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research, 42 (4), 499-511. doi: 10.1111/ggr.12229
Kendrick, Mark A., Scambelluri, Marco, Hermann, Jӧrg and Padrón-Navarta, José Alberto (2018). Halogens and noble gases in serpentinites and secondary peridotites: implications for seawater subduction and the origin of mantle neon. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 235, 285-304. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2018.03.024
Marks, Michael A.W., Kendrick, Mark A., Wenzel, Thomas, Eby, G. Nelson and Zack, Thomas (2017). Reply to ‘Comment on The F, Cl, Br and I Contents of Reference Glasses BHVO-2G, BIR-1G, BCR-2G, GSD-1G, GSE-1G, NIST SRM 610 and NIST SRM 612’. Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research, 41 (3), 475-478. doi: 10.1111/ggr.12177
Liu, Ying-Chao, Kendrick, Mark A., Hou, Zeng-Qian, Yang, Zhu-Sen, Tian, Shi-Hong, Song, Yu-Cai and Honda, Masahiko (2017). Hydrothermal fluid origins of carbonate-hosted Pb-Zn deposits of the Sanjiang thrust belt, Tibet: indications from noble gases and halogens. Economic Geology, 112 (5), 1247-1268. doi: 10.5382/econgeo.2017.4509
Seawater cycled throughout Earth's mantle in partially serpentinized lithosphere
Kendrick, M. A., Hémond, C., Kamenetsky, V. S., Danyushevsky, L., Devey, C. W., Rodemann, T., Jackson, M. G. and Perfit, M. R. (2017). Seawater cycled throughout Earth's mantle in partially serpentinized lithosphere. Nature Geoscience, 10 (3), 222-228. doi: 10.1038/ngeo2902
Marks, Michael A. W., Kendrick, Mark A., Eby, G. Nelson, Zack, Thomas and Wenzel, Thomas (2017). The F, Cl, Br and I contents of reference glasses BHVO-2G, BIR-1G, BCR-2G, GSD-1G, GSE-1G, NIST SRM 610 and NIST SRM 612. Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research, 41 (1), 107-122. doi: 10.1111/ggr.12128
Bénard, A., Koga, K. T., Shimizu, N., Kendrick, M. A., Ionov, D. A., Nebel, O. and Arculus, R. J. (2017). Chlorine and fluorine partition coefficients and abundances in sub-arc mantle xenoliths (Kamchatka, Russia): implications for melt generation and volatile recycling processes in subduction zones. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 199, 324-350. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2016.10.035
MacLeod, C.J., Dick, H. J. B., Blum, P., Abe, N., Blackman, D. K., Bowles, J. A., Cheadle, M. J., Cho, K., Ciazela, J., Deans, J. R., Edgcomb, V. P., Ferrando, C., France, L., Ghosh, B., Ildefonse, B. M., Kendrick, M. A., Koepke, J. H., Leong, J. A. M., Liu, C., Ma, Q., Morishita, T., Morris, A., Natland, J. H., Nozaka, T., Pluemper, O., Sanfilippo, A., Sylvan, J. B., Tivey, M. A., Tribuzio, R. and Viegas, L. G. F. (2017). Expedition 360 methods. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, 360, 1-51. doi: 10.14379/iodp.proc.360.102.2017
Dick, H. J. B., MacLeod, C. J., Blum, P., Abe, N., Blackman, D. K., Bowles, J. A., Cheadle, M. J., Cho, K., Ciazela, J., Deans, J. R., Edgcomb, V. P., Ferrando, C., France, L., Ghosh, B., Ildefonse, B. M., Kendrick, M. A., Koepke, J. H., Leong, J. A. M., Liu, C., Ma, Q., Morishita, T., Morris, A., Natland, J. H., Nozaka, T., Pluemper, O., Sanfilippo, A., Sylvan, J. B., Tivey, M. A., Tribuzio, R. and Viegas, L. G. F. (2017). Expedition 360 summary. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, 1-27. doi: 10.14379/iodp.proc.360.101.2017
Dick, Henry J. B., MacLeod, Christopher J., Blum, Peter, Abe, Natsue, Blackman, Donna K., Bowles, Julie A., Cheadle, Michael J., Cho, Kyungo, Ciązela, Jakub, Deans, Jeremy R., Edgcomb, Virginia P., Ferrando, Carlotta, France, Lydéric, Ghosh, Biswajit, Ildefonse, Benoît M., Kendrick, Mark A., Koepke, Juergen H., Leong, James A. M., Liu, Chuanzhou, Ma, Qiang, Morishita, Tomoaki, Morris, Antony, Natland, James H., Nozaka, Toshio, Pluemper, Oliver, Sanfilippo, Alessio, Sylvan, Jason B., Tivey, Maurice A., Tribuzio, Riccardo ... McLelland, James Samuel (2016). International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 360 preliminary report: Southwest Indian Ridge Lower Crust and Moho the nature of the lower crust and Moho at slower spreading ridges (SloMo Leg 1). Integrated Ocean Drilling Program: Preliminary Reports (360), 1-50. doi: 10.14379/iodp.pr.360.2016
Kendrick, Mark A., Honda, Masahiko and Vanko, David A. (2015). Halogens and noble gases in Mathematician Ridge meta-gabbros, NE Pacific: implications for oceanic hydrothermal root zones and global volatile cycles. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 170 (5-6) 43, 1-20. doi: 10.1007/s00410-015-1192-x
Jackson, M. G., Koga, K. T., Price, A., Konter, J. G., Koppers, A. A.P., Finlayson, V. A., Konrad, K., Hauri, E. H., Kylander-Clark, A., Kelley, K. A. and Kendrick, M. A. (2015). Deeply dredged submarine HIMU glasses from the Tuvalu Islands, Polynesia: implications for volatile budgets of recycled oceanic crust. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 16 (9), 3210-3234. doi: 10.1002/2015GC005966
Marschik, Robert and Kendrick, Mark A. (2015). Noble gas and halogen constraints on fluid sources in iron oxide-copper-gold mineralization: Mantoverde and La Candelaria, Northern Chile. Mineralium Deposita, 50 (3), 357-371. doi: 10.1007/s00126-014-0548-x
Kendrick, Mark A., Jackson, Matthew G., Hauri, Erik H. and Phillips, David (2015). The halogen (F, Cl, Br, I) and H2O systematics of Samoan lavas: assimilated-seawater, EM2 and high-3He/4He components. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 410, 197-209. doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2014.11.026
Giuliani, Andrea, Phillips, David, Maas, Roland, Woodhead, Jon D., Kendrick, Mark A., Greig, Alan, Armstrong, Richard A., Chew, David, Kamenetsky, Vadim S. and Fiorentini, Marco L. (2014). LIMA U-Pb ages link lithospheric mantle metasomatism to Karoo magmatism beneath the Kimberley region, South Africa. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 401, 132-147. doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2014.05.044
Kendrick, Mark A., Arculus, Richard J., Danyushevsky, Leonid V., Kamenetsky, Vadim S., Woodhead, Jon D. and Honda, Masahiko (2014). Subduction-related halogens (Cl, Br and I) and H2O in magmatic glasses from Southwest Pacific backarc basins. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 400, 165-176. doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2014.05.021
Richard, Antonin, Kendrick, Mark A. and Cathelineau, Michel (2014). Noble gases (Ar, Kr, Xe) and halogens (Cl, Br, I) in fluid inclusions from the Athabasca Basin (Canada): implications for unconformity-related U deposits. Precambrian Research, 247, 110-125. doi: 10.1016/j.precamres.2014.03.020
Stable isotope (C, O, S) compositions of volatile-rich minerals in kimberlites: a review
Giuliani, Andrea, Phillips, David, Kamenetsky, Vadim S., Fiorentini, Marco L., Farquhar, James and Kendrick, Mark A. (2014). Stable isotope (C, O, S) compositions of volatile-rich minerals in kimberlites: a review. Chemical Geology, 374-375, 61-83. doi: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.03.003
CH4-N2 in the Maldon gold deposit, central Victoria, Australia
Fu, Bin, Mernagh, Terrence P., Fairmaid, Alison M., Phillips, David and Kendrick, Mark A. (2014). CH4-N2 in the Maldon gold deposit, central Victoria, Australia. Ore Geology Reviews, 58 (C), 225-237. doi: 10.1016/j.oregeorev.2013.11.006
Giuliani, Andrea, Phillips, David, Kamenetsky, Vadim S., Kendrick, Mark A., Wyatt, Bruce A., Goemann, Karsten and Hutchinson, Graham (2014). Petrogenesis of mantle polymict breccias: insights into mantle processes coeval with kimberlite magmatism. Journal of Petrology, 55 (4), 831-858. doi: 10.1093/petrology/egu008
Kendrick, Mark A., Jackson, Matthew G., Kent, Adam J.R., Hauri, Erik H., Wallace, Paul J. and Woodhead, Jon (2014). Contrasting behaviours of CO2, S, H2O and halogens (F, Cl, Br, and I) in enriched-mantle melts from Pitcairn and Society seamounts. Chemical Geology, 370, 69-81. doi: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.01.019
Kendrick, Mark A., Arculus, Richard, Burnard, Pete and Honda, Masahiko (2013). Quantifying brine assimilation by submarine magmas: examples from the Galápagos Spreading Centre and Lau Basin. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 123, 150-165. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2013.09.012
Giuliani, A., Kamenetsky, V. S., Kendrick, M. A., Phillips, D., Wyatt, B. A. and Maas, R. (2013). Oxide, sulphide and carbonate minerals in a mantle polymict breccia: metasomatism by proto-kimberlite magmas, and relationship to the kimberlite megacrystic suite. Chemical Geology, 353, 4-18. doi: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.09.025
Giuliani, A., Phillips, D., Fiorentini, M. L., Kendrick, M. A., Maas, R., Wing, B. A., Woodhead, J. D., Bui, T. H. and Kamenetsky, V. S. (2013). Mantle oddities: A sulphate fluid preserved in a MARID xenolith from the Bultfontein kimberlite (Kimberley, South Africa). Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 376, 74-86. doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2013.06.028
Subduction zone fluxes of halogens and noble gases in seafloor and forearc serpentinites
Kendrick, Mark A., Honda, Masahiko, Pettke, Thomas, Scambelluri, Marco, Phillips, David and Giuliani, Andrea (2013). Subduction zone fluxes of halogens and noble gases in seafloor and forearc serpentinites. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 365, 86-96. doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2013.01.006
Nickel-rich metasomatism of the lithospheric mantle by pre-kimberlitic alkali-S-Cl-rich C-O-H fluids
Giuliani, Andrea, Kamenetsky, Vadim S., Kendrick, Mark A., Phillips, David and Goemann, Karsten (2013). Nickel-rich metasomatism of the lithospheric mantle by pre-kimberlitic alkali-S-Cl-rich C-O-H fluids. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 165 (1), 155-171. doi: 10.1007/s00410-012-0801-1
Honda, M., Phillips, D., Kendrick, M. A., Gagan, M. K. and Taylor, W. R. (2012). Noble gas and carbon isotope ratios in Argyle diamonds, Western Australia: evidence for a deeply subducted volatile component. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 59 (8), 1135-1142. doi: 10.1080/08120099.2012.741076
Tracking halogens through the subduction cycle
Kendrick, Mark A., Woodhead, Jon D. and Kamenetsky, Vadim S. (2012). Tracking halogens through the subduction cycle. Geology, 40 (12), 1075-1078. doi: 10.1130/G33265.1
Timing of gold mineralisation in the western Lachlan Orogen, SE Australia: a critical overview
Phillips, D., Fu, B., Wilson, C.J.L., Kendrick, M.A., Fairmaid, A.M. and Miller, J. MCL. (2012). Timing of gold mineralisation in the western Lachlan Orogen, SE Australia: a critical overview. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 59 (4), 495-525. doi: 10.1080/08120099.2012.682738
Nature of alkali-carbonate fluids in the sub-continental lithospheric mantle
Giuliani, A., Kamenetsky, V. S., Phillips, D., Kendrick, M. A., Wyatt, B. A. and Goemann, K. (2012). Nature of alkali-carbonate fluids in the sub-continental lithospheric mantle. Geology, 40 (11), 967-970. doi: 10.1130/G33221.1
Halogen systematics (Cl, Br, I) in Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalts: a Macquarie Island case study
Kendrick, Mark A., Kamenetsky, Vadim S., Phillips, David and Honda, Masahiko (2012). Halogen systematics (Cl, Br, I) in Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalts: a Macquarie Island case study. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 81, 82-93. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2011.12.004
New constraints on fluid sources in orogenic gold deposits, Victoria, Australia
Fu, Bin, Kendrick, Mark A., Fairmaid, Alison M., Phillips, David, Wilson, Christopher J.L. and Mernagh, Terrence P. (2012). New constraints on fluid sources in orogenic gold deposits, Victoria, Australia. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 163 (3), 427-447. doi: 10.1007/s00410-011-0678-4
High precision Cl, Br and I determinations in mineral standards using the noble gas method
Kendrick, Mark A. (2012). High precision Cl, Br and I determinations in mineral standards using the noble gas method. Chemical Geology, 292-293, 116-126. doi: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.11.021
Kendrick, M. A., Phillips, D., Wallace, M. and Miller, J.McL. (2011). Halogens and noble gases in sedimentary formation waters and Zn-Pb deposits: a case study from the Lennard Shelf, Australia. Applied Geochemistry, 26 (12), 2089-2100. doi: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.07.007
Mineral system analysis of the Mt Isa-McArthur River region, Northern Australia
Murphy, F. C., Hutton, L. J., Walshe, J. L., Cleverley, J. S., Kendrick, M. A., Mclellan, J., Rubenach, M. J., Oliver, N. H.S., Gessner, K., Bierlein, F. P., Jupp, B., Aillères, L., Laukamp, C., Roy, I. G., Miller, J. McL, Keys, D. and Nortje, G. S. (2011). Mineral system analysis of the Mt Isa-McArthur River region, Northern Australia. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 58 (8), 849-873. doi: 10.1080/08120099.2011.606333
High abundances of noble gas and chlorine delivered to the mantle by serpentinite subduction
Kendrick, Mark A., Scambelluri, Marco, Honda, Masahiko and Phillips, David (2011). High abundances of noble gas and chlorine delivered to the mantle by serpentinite subduction. Nature Geoscience, 4 (11), 807-812. doi: 10.1038/NGEO1270
Kendrick, M. A., Honda, M., Walshe, J. and Petersen, K. (2011). Fluid sources and the role of abiogenic-CH4 in Archean gold mineralization: constraints from noble gases and halogens. Precambrian Research, 189 (3-4), 313-327. doi: 10.1016/j.precamres.2011.07.015
Fairmaid, A. M., Kendrick, M. A., Phillips, D. and Fu, B. (2011). The origin and evolution of mineralizing fluids in a sediment-hosted orogenic-gold deposit, Ballarat East, Southeastern Australia. Economic Geology, 106 (4), 653-666. doi: 10.2113/econgeo.106.4.653
The noble gas systematics of late-orogenic H2O-CO2 fluids, Mt Isa, Australia
Kendrick, M. A., Honda, M., Oliver, N. H.S. and Phillips, D. (2011). The noble gas systematics of late-orogenic H2O-CO2 fluids, Mt Isa, Australia. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 75 (6), 1428-1450. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2010.12.005
Kendrick, M. A. and Phillips, D. (2009). New constraints on the release of noble gases during in vacuo crushing and application to scapolite Br-Cl-I and 40Ar/39Ar age determinations. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 73 (19), 5673-5692. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2009.06.032
Kendrick, M. A. and Phillips, D. (2009). Discussion of 'the Paleozoic metamorphic history of the Central Orogenic Belt of China from 40Ar/39Ar geochronology of eclogite garnet fluid inclusions by Qiu Hua-Ning and Wijbrans J.R.'. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 279 (3-4), 392-394. doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2008.12.047
Kendrick, M. A., Honda, M., Gillen, D., Baker, T. and Phillips, D. (2008). New constraints on regional brecciation in the Wernecke Mountains, Canada, from He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Cl, Br and I in fluid inclusions. Chemical Geology, 255 (1-2), 33-46. doi: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.05.021
Fisher, L. A. and Kendrick, M. A. (2008). Metamorphic fluid origins in the Osborne Fe oxide - Cu - Au deposit, Australia: Evidence from noble gases and halogens. Mineralium Deposita, 43 (5), 483-497. doi: 10.1007/s00126-008-0178-2
Kendrick, M. A., Baker, T., Fu, B., Phillips, D. and Williams, P. J. (2008). Noble gas and halogen constraints on regionally extensive mid-crustal Na-Ca metasomatism, the Proterozoic Eastern Mount Isa Block, Australia. Precambrian Research, 163 (1-2), 131-150. doi: 10.1016/j.precamres.2007.08.015
Kendrick, M. A. (2007). Comment on 'Paleozoic ages and excess 40Ar in garnets from the Bixiling eclogite in Dabieshan, China: New insights from 40Ar/39Ar dating by stepwise crushing by Hua-Ning Qiu and J.R. Wijbrans'. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 71 (24), 6040-6045. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2007.01.029
Kendrick, M. A., Mark, G. and Phillips, D. (2007). Mid-crustal fluid mixing in a Proterozoic Fe oxide-Cu-Au deposit, Ernest Henry, Australia: Evidence from Ar, Kr, Xe, Cl, Br, and I. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 256 (3-4), 328-343. doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2006.12.032
Kendrick, M. A., Duncan, R. and Phillips, D. (2006). Noble gas and halogen constraints on mineralizing fluids of metamorphic versus surficial origin: Mt Isa, Australia. Chemical Geology, 235 (3-4), 325-351. doi: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2006.08.002
Kendrick, M. A., Phillips, D. and Miller, J. Mc L. (2006). Part I. Decrepitation and degassing behaviour of quartz up to 1560 °C: Analysis of noble gases and halogens in complex fluid inclusion assemblages. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 70 (10), 2540-2561. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2005.12.023
Kendrick, M. A., Miller, J. Mc L. and Phillips, D. (2006). Part II. Evaluation of 40Ar-39Ar quartz ages: Implications for fluid inclusion retentivity and determination of initial 40Ar/36Ar values in Proterozoic samples. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 70 (10), 2562-2576. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2005.12.024
Kinematics of the Høybakken detachment zone and the Møre-Trøndelag Fault Complex, central Norway
Osmundsen, Per T., Eide, E. A., Haabesland, N. E., Roberts, D., Andersen, T. B., Kendrick, M., Bingen, B., Braathen, A. and Redfield, T. F. (2006). Kinematics of the Høybakken detachment zone and the Møre-Trøndelag Fault Complex, central Norway. Journal of the Geological Society, 163 (2), 303-318. doi: 10.1144/0016-764904-129
Eide, Elizabeth A., Haabesland, Nils Erik, Osmundsen, Per Terje, Andersen, Torgeir B., Roberts, David and Kendrick, Mark A. (2005). Modern techniques and Old Red problems - Determining the age of continental sedimentary deposits with40Ar/39Ar provenance analysis in west-central Norway. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift, 85 (1-2), 133-145.
Noble gas and halogen evidence for the origin of Scandinavian sandstone-hosted Pb-Zn deposits
Kendrick, Mark A., Burgess, R., Harrison, D. and Bjørlykke, A. (2005). Noble gas and halogen evidence for the origin of Scandinavian sandstone-hosted Pb-Zn deposits. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 69 (1), 109-129. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2004.05.045
Kendrick, M. A., Eide, E. A., Roberts, D. and Osmundsen, P. T. (2004). The middle to late Devonian Høoybakken detachment, central Norway: 40Ar-39Ar evidence for prolonged late/post-scandian extension and uplift. Geological Magazine, 141 (3), 329-344. doi: 10.1017/S0016756803008811
Eide, Elizabeth A., Osmundsen, Per Terje, Meyer, Gurli B., Kendrick, Mark A. and Corfu, Fernando (2002). The Nesna Shear Zone, north-central Norway: An 40Ar/ 39Ar record of Early Devonian -Early Carboniferous ductile extension and unroofing. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift, 82 (4), 317-339.
Kendrick, M. A., Burgess, R., Leach, D. and Pattrick, R. A.D. (2002). Hydrothermal fluid origins in Mississippi Valley-type ore districts: Combined noble gas (He, Ar, Kr) and halogen (Cl, Br, I) analysis of fluid inclusions from the Illinois-Kentucky fluorspar district, Viburnum Trend, and Tri-State districts, midcontinent United States. Economic Geology, 97 (3), 453-469. doi: 10.2113/gsecongeo.97.3.453
Kendrick, M. A., Burgess, R., Pattrick, R. A.D. and Turner, G. (2002). Hydrothermal fluid origins in a fluorite-rich Mississippi Valley-type district: Combined noble gas (He, Ar, Kr) and halogen (Cl, Br, I) analysis of fluid inclusions from the South Pennine ore field, United Kingdom. Economic Geology, 97 (3), 435-451. doi: 10.2113/gsecongeo.97.3.435
Fluid inclusion noble gas and halogen evidence on the origin of Cu-Porphyry mineralising fluids
Kendrick, M. A., Burgess, R., Pattrick, R. A.D. and Turner, G. (2001). Fluid inclusion noble gas and halogen evidence on the origin of Cu-Porphyry mineralising fluids. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 65 (16), 2651-2668. doi: 10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00618-4
Kendrick, M. A., Burgess, R., Pattrick, R. A.D. and Turner, G. (2001). Halogen and Ar-Ar age determinations of inclusions within quartz veins from porpohyry copper deposits using complementary noble gas extraction techniques. Chemical Geology, 177 (3-4), 351-370. doi: 10.1016/S0009-2541(00)00419-8
Fairmaid, A. M., Kendrick, M. A. and Phillips, D. (2009). Noble gas and halogen evidence for the origin of mineralising fluids in orogenic gold deposits: An example from the Ballarat East Deposit, Australia. 19th Annual VM Goldschmidt Conference, Davos Switzerland, Jun 21, 2009. OXFORD: PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD.
Evaluation of seafloor-carbonation feedback on atmospheric CO2
(2022) Australian National University
The halogen composition of subducting oceanic sediments
(2022) Australian National University
(2021–2022) Australian National University
The timing of ocean floor carbonation and global CO2 cycling
(2020–2021) Australian National University
Mantle evolution and the origin of Earth's atmosphere
(2019–2023) ARC Discovery Projects
Halogens and noble gases in serpentinite-blueschist associated jadeitites
Doctor Philosophy — Principal Advisor
Other advisors:
Recycling halogens and noble gases in sediments and meta-sediments
Doctor Philosophy — Principal Advisor
Other advisors:
Halogens in mantle xenoliths as proxies for global volatile cycling
Doctor Philosophy — Principal Advisor
Other advisors:
Note for students: The possible research projects listed on this page may not be comprehensive or up to date. Always feel free to contact the staff for more information, and also with your own research ideas.
Alteration of the oceanic lithosphere: insights from halogens
The nature of fluids responsible for alteration of the oceanic crust (seawater versus magmatic) and the volatile content of the oceanic crust that is subducted into the mantle exert critical controls on the recycling of elements from the Earth's surface to the mantle. This study will use cutting edge techniques to investigate all four halogens (F, Cl, Br and I) in altered ocean crust recovered by seafloor drilling. This is important because halogens are the dominant ligands that enable metal transport in hydrothermal solution and bromine and iodine are essential elements for life, but there abundances in oceanic crust are poorly known. A combination of in situ and bulk analyses will be used to link the behaviour of halogens to other trace elements and fluid chemistry, and to provide new information about hydrothermal mineralisation and geochemical cycling of elements in the oceanic crust.
The timing and duration of seafloor alteration
Alteration of the oceanic crust controls the composition of seawater and the slab that is subducted into the mantle. It was traditionally assumed that most alteration occurs close to the spreading axis; however, low temperature alteration could influence oceanic crust intermitently throughout its life cycle. This project will characterise alteration in drill cores recovered from the W Pacific and W Atlantic using a range of techniques including SEM and electron microprobe and then investigate the timing of the alteration processes via newly developed U-Pb carbonate dating as well as U-Pb titanite and 40Ar-39Ar geochronology.
Geochemistry of SW Pacific Backarc Basins
Tungsten or boron isotopes in backarc basin basalts, will provide information about the nature of mantle components underlying SW Pacific backarc basins. Previous work suggests these include depleted mantle wedge, subducted components (fluids and melts) and primitive mantle components with high 3He/4He ratios that probably formed early in Earth's history and are expected to have tungsten isotope anomalies. This project is in partnership with Monash University.
The volatile content of eclogites and the nature of eclogitic fluid inclusions
A historical assumption was that volatiles, including noble gases, are almost entirely lost from subducting slabs during metamorphism. However, few studies have quantified the volatile content of eclogite facies lithologies, which is an essential step towards constraining the actual subduction budget. The current project will involve collection of samples from an eclogite terrane such as New Caledonia and characterisation of samples representing dehydrated oceanic crust and metasediments. The aims are to assess the extent to which noble gases and halogens are retained in eclogitic rocks during metamorphism and the degree to which they exchange between adjacent lithologies, which is of additional interest because crustally-derived 'excess 40Ar' is an obstacle to geochronological studies. The project will use a variety of techniques including petrography, fluid inclusion microthermometry, LA-ICPMS and novel 40Ar-39Ar methodologies to measure halogens and noble gases with great precision.
How salty was the Solar Nebular?
The relative abundances of different elements in the Bulk Earth provide important clues about how the Earth condensed and accreted in the early solar system (e.g. birth of planets). Most previous studies have suggested halogens are depleted on Earth compared to other elements of similar volatility, implying early loss of halogens by erosion of halogen-rich crustal materials (e.g. collisional erosion) from the young Earth of partitioning into the core. However, this view was challenged by a recent suggestion that halogens have a much lower abundance in the solar system than previously estimated. This study will further explore the findings of Clay et al. by detailed petrographic examination and analysis of halogens in world class examples of major chondritic meteorite types. Electron microprobe and SHRIMP will be used for in situ F and Cl measurements and bulk analyses of Cl, Br and I will be obtained by the noble gas method, which provides uniquely high precision for Br and I measurement and is only possible in a couple of laboratories globally.