Dr Lord currently leads the Infrared Diagnostics team within the faculty of Science at the University of Queensland and Advanced One Health Diagnostics within Queensland Alliance for One health Sciences . Her research focuses on developing novel and rapid next generation surveillance and diagnostic tools for detection of pathogens in humans, animals and the environment including antimicrobial resistance and waste and for characterising disease carrying vectors. Her current specialisation involves the development of non-invasive tools based on spectroscopy techniques. She pioneered the application of near-infrared spectroscopy technique for non-invasive detection of several pathogens in mosquito vectors such as Wolbachia, Zika, Dengue and Chikungunya and for differentiation of morphologically identical mosquito species. She has recently pioneered its application for non-invasive diagnosis of malaria in partnership with the Australian Defence Force and Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Brazil.
In the last 5 years, she attracted >$4million multi-site, national and international research funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, USAID, NHMRC, AQIRF and Grand challenges Canada as the Chief Investigator to develop rapid diagnostic and surveillance tools for international vector control programs
Current Research interests: Development of spectroscopy tools for ports of entry for rapid identification of exotic insect species, detection of pathogens in plants, animals and humans and detection of antimicrobial resistance/waste in the environment
Our team develops rapid and non-invasive novel diagnostic tools for multiple infectious diseases for humans, animals and the environment (One Health). We collaborate with scientists from Fiocruz, CDC, USDA, JCU, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Brazil), Australian Defence Force, and Kenya Medical Research Institute. We focus on testing the applicability of next generation diagnostic tools using rapid, high throughput, cost effective and user friendly light-based, spectroscopy devices. These tools are intended to inform public health personnel in a timely manner, on the effectiveness of an intervention, guide ellimination and predict potential disease hotspots to stop a possible outbreak.
Journal Article: Near infrared spectroscopy accurately detects Trypanosoma cruzi non-destructively in midguts, rectum and excreta samples of Triatoma infestans
Tátila-Ferreira, Aline, Garcia, Gabriela A., dos Santos, Lilha M. B., Pavan, Márcio G., de C. Moreira, Carlos José, Victoriano, Juliana C., da Silva-Junior, Renato, dos Santos-Mallet, Jacenir R., Verly, Thaiane, Britto, Constança, Sikulu-Lord, Maggy T. and Maciel-de-Freitas, Rafael (2021). Near infrared spectroscopy accurately detects Trypanosoma cruzi non-destructively in midguts, rectum and excreta samples of Triatoma infestans. Scientific Reports, 11 (1) 23884, 23884. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-03465-8
Goh, Brendon, Ching, Koek, Soares Magalhães, Ricardo J., Ciocchetta, Silvia, Edstein, Michael D., Maciel-de-Freitas, Rafael and Sikulu-Lord, Maggy T. (2021). The application of spectroscopy techniques for diagnosis of malaria parasites and arboviruses and surveillance of mosquito vectors: A systematic review and critical appraisal of evidence. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 15 (4) e0009218, 1-24. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009218
Journal Article: High throughput estimates of Wolbachia, Zika and chikungunya infection in Aedes aegypti by near-infrared spectroscopy to improve arbovirus surveillance
Santos, Lilha M. B., Mutsaers, Mathijs, Garcia, Gabriela A., David, Mariana R., Pavan, Marcio G., Petersen, Martha T., Correa-Antonio, Jessica, Couto-Lima, Dinair, Maes, Louis, Dowell, Floyd, Lord, Anton, Sikulu-Lord, Maggy and Maciel-de-Freitas, Rafael (2021). High throughput estimates of Wolbachia, Zika and chikungunya infection in Aedes aegypti by near-infrared spectroscopy to improve arbovirus surveillance. Communications Biology, 4 (1) 67, 67. doi: 10.1038/s42003-020-01601-0
(2021–2024) NHMRC IDEAS Grants
Development of instantaneous ultra-sensitive diagnostic tool to guide malaria elimination
(2019–2022) NHMRC Project Grant
(2019–2020) UQ Amplify Women's Academic Research Equity
Development and validation of a novel device for the detection of malaria parasites and arboviruses to stop outbreaks and guide elimination.
Doctor Philosophy
Detecting Haemonchus contortus infection in sheep using infrared spectroscopy
(2021) Doctor Philosophy
Near Infrared Spectroscopy for rapid and inexpensive diagnosis of STIs
Doctor Philosophy
Development of diagnostic tools for arboviruses
This PhD project aims to develop alternative, rapid and cost-effective tools for detecting Arboviruses in vectors and human population
Tátila-Ferreira, Aline, Garcia, Gabriela A., dos Santos, Lilha M. B., Pavan, Márcio G., de C. Moreira, Carlos José, Victoriano, Juliana C., da Silva-Junior, Renato, dos Santos-Mallet, Jacenir R., Verly, Thaiane, Britto, Constança, Sikulu-Lord, Maggy T. and Maciel-de-Freitas, Rafael (2021). Near infrared spectroscopy accurately detects Trypanosoma cruzi non-destructively in midguts, rectum and excreta samples of Triatoma infestans. Scientific Reports, 11 (1) 23884, 23884. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-03465-8
Goh, Brendon, Ching, Koek, Soares Magalhães, Ricardo J., Ciocchetta, Silvia, Edstein, Michael D., Maciel-de-Freitas, Rafael and Sikulu-Lord, Maggy T. (2021). The application of spectroscopy techniques for diagnosis of malaria parasites and arboviruses and surveillance of mosquito vectors: A systematic review and critical appraisal of evidence. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 15 (4) e0009218, 1-24. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009218
Santos, Lilha M. B., Mutsaers, Mathijs, Garcia, Gabriela A., David, Mariana R., Pavan, Marcio G., Petersen, Martha T., Correa-Antonio, Jessica, Couto-Lima, Dinair, Maes, Louis, Dowell, Floyd, Lord, Anton, Sikulu-Lord, Maggy and Maciel-de-Freitas, Rafael (2021). High throughput estimates of Wolbachia, Zika and chikungunya infection in Aedes aegypti by near-infrared spectroscopy to improve arbovirus surveillance. Communications Biology, 4 (1) 67, 67. doi: 10.1038/s42003-020-01601-0
Kho, Elise A., Fernandes, Jill N., Kotze, Andrew C., Fox, Glen P., Sikulu-Lord, Maggy T., Beasley, Anne M., Moore, Stephen S. and James, Peter J. (2020). Influence of environmental factors on the detection of blood in sheep faeces using visible-near-infrared spectroscopy as a measure of Haemonchus contortus infection. Parasites and Vectors, 13 (1) 591, 591. doi: 10.1186/s13071-020-04468-6
Visible-near infrared spectroscopy for detection of blood in sheep faeces
Kho, Elise A., Fernandes, Jill N., Kotze, Andrew C., Fox, Glen P., Lord, Maggy, Beasley, Anne M., Moore, Stephen S. and James, Peter J. (2020). Visible-near infrared spectroscopy for detection of blood in sheep faeces. Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy, 28 (5-6), 255-266. doi: 10.1177/0967033520927519
Alharbi, Bushra, Sikulu-Lord, Maggy, Lord, Anton, Zowawi, Hosam M. and Trembizki, Ella (2020). Near-infrared spectroscopy evaluations for the differentiation of carbapenem-resistant from susceptible enterobacteriaceae strains. Diagnostics, 10 (10) 736, 1-9. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics10100736
Milali, Masabho P., Kiware, Samson S., Govella, Nicodem J., Okumu, Fredros, Bansal, Naveen, Bozdag, Serdar, Charlwood, Jacques D., Maia, Marta F., Ogoma, Sheila B., Dowell, Floyd E., Corliss, George F., Sikulu-Lord, Maggy T. and Povinelli, Richard J. (2020). An autoencoder and artificial neural network-based method to estimate parity status of wild mosquitoes from near-infrared spectra. PLoS ONE, 15 (6) e0234557, e0234557. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234557
Kho, Elise A., Fernandes, Jill N., Kotze, Andrew C., Sikulu-Lord, Maggy T., Fox, Glen P., Beasley, Anne M., Moore, Stephen S. and James, Peter J. (2020). Detection of Haemonchus contortus nematode eggs in sheep faeces using near and mid-infrared spectroscopy. Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy, 28 (5-6), 096703352092449-254. doi: 10.1177/0967033520924491
Mwanga, Emmanuel P., Minja, Elihaika G., Mrimi, Emmanuel, Jiménez, Mario González, Swai, Johnson K., Abbasi, Said, Ngowo, Halfan S., Siria, Doreen J., Mapua, Salum, Stica, Caleb, Maia, Marta F., Olotu, Ally, Sikulu-Lord, Maggy T., Baldini, Francesco, Ferguson, Heather M., Wynne, Klaas, Selvaraj, Prashanth, Babayan, Simon A. and Okumu, Fredros O. (2019). Detection of malaria parasites in dried human blood spots using mid-infrared spectroscopy and logistic regression analysis. Malaria Journal, 18 (1) 341, 341. doi: 10.1186/s12936-019-2982-9
Milali, Masabho P., Sikulu-Lord, Maggy T., Kiware, Samson S., Dowell, Floyd E., Corliss, George F. and Povinelli, Richard J. (2019). Age grading An. gambiae and An. arabiensis using near infrared spectra and artificial neural networks. PLoS One, 14 (8) e0209451, e0209451. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209451
First report of natural Wolbachia infection in the malaria mosquito Anopheles arabiensis in Tanzania
Baldini, Francesco, Rougé, Justine, Kreppel, Katharina, Mkandawile, Gustave, Mapua, Salum Abdallah, Sikulu-Lord, Maggy, Ferguson, Heather M., Govella, Nicodem and Okumu, Fredros O. (2018). First report of natural Wolbachia infection in the malaria mosquito Anopheles arabiensis in Tanzania. Parasites and Vectors, 11 (1) 635, 635. doi: 10.1186/s13071-018-3249-y
Sikulu-Lord, Maggy T., Devine, Gregor J., Hugo, Leon E. and Dowell, Floyd E. (2018). First report on the application of near-infrared spectroscopy to predict the age of Aedes albopictus Skuse. Scientific Reports, 8 (1) 9590, 9590. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-27998-7
Milali, Masabho P., Sikulu-Lord, Maggy T., Kiware, Samson S., Dowell, Floyd E., Povinelli, Richard J. and Corliss, George F. (2018). Do NIR spectra collected from laboratory-reared mosquitoes differ from those collected from wild mosquitoes?. PloS One, 13 (5) e0198245, e0198245. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198245
Rapid, noninvasive detection of Zika virus in mosquitoes by near-infrared spectroscopy
Fernandes, Jill N., Dos Santos, Lílha M. B., Chouin-Carneiro, Thaís, Pavan, Márcio G., Garcia, Gabriela A., David, Mariana R., Beier, John C., Dowell, Floyd E., Maciel-de-Freitas, Rafael and Sikulu-Lord, Maggy T. (2018). Rapid, noninvasive detection of Zika virus in mosquitoes by near-infrared spectroscopy. Science Advances, 4 (5) eaat0496, eaat0496. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aat0496
Masalu, John P., Okumu, Fredros O., Mmbando, Arnold S., Sikulu-Lord, Maggy T. and Ogoma, Sheila B. (2018). Potential benefits of combining transfluthrin-treated sisal products and long-lasting insecticidal nets for controlling indoor-biting malaria vectors. Parasites and Vectors, 11 (231) 231, 231. doi: 10.1186/s13071-018-2811-y
Monitoring the age of mosquito populations using near-infrared spectroscopy
Lambert, Ben, Sikulu-Lord, Maggy T., Mayagaya, Vale S, Devine, Greg, Dowell, Floyd and Churcher, Thomas S (2018). Monitoring the age of mosquito populations using near-infrared spectroscopy. Scientific Reports, 8 (1) 5274, 5274. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-22712-z
Masalu, John P., Finda, Marceline, Okumu, Fredros O., Minja, Elihaika G., Mmbando, Arnold S., Sikulu-Lord, Maggy T. and Ogoma, Sheila B. (2017). Efficacy and user acceptability of transfluthrin-treated sisal and hessian decorations for protecting against mosquito bites in outdoor bars. Parasites and Vectors, 10 (1) 197. doi: 10.1186/s13071-017-2132-6
Bites before and after bedtime can carry a high risk of human malaria infection
Milali, Masabho P., Sikulu-Lord, Maggy T. and Govella, Nicodem J. (2017). Bites before and after bedtime can carry a high risk of human malaria infection. Malaria Journal, 16 (1) 91. doi: 10.1186/s12936-017-1740-0
Griffin, Paul, Pasay, Cielo, Elliott, Suzanne, Sekuloski, Silvana, Sikulu, Maggy, Hugo, Leon, Khoury, David, Cromer, Deborah, Davenport, Miles, Sattabongkot, Jetsumon, Ivinson, Karen, Ockenhouse, Christian and McCarthy, James (2016). Safety and reproducibility of a clinical trial system using induced blood stage Plasmodium vivax infection and its potential as a model to evaluate malaria transmission. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 10 (12) e0005139, e0005139. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005139
Sikulu-Lord, Maggy T., Milali, Masabho P., Henry, Michael, Wirtz, Robert A., Hugo, Leon E., Dowell, Floyd E. and Devine, Gregor J. (2016). Near-infrared spectroscopy, a rapid method for predicting the age of male and female wild-type and Wolbachia infected Aedes aegypti. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 10 (10) e0005040, e0005040.1-e0005040.11. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005040
Sikulu-Lord, Maggy T., Maia, Marta F., Milali, Masabho P., Henry, Michael, Mkandawile, Gustav, Kho, Elise A., Wirtz, Robert A., Hugo, Leon E., Dowell, Floyd E. and Devine, Gregor J. (2016). Rapid and non-destructive detection and identification of two strains of Wolbachia in Aedes aegypti by near-infrared spectroscopy. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 10 (6) e0004759, e0004759. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004759
Sikulu, Maggy T., Monkman, James, Dave, Keyur A., Hastie, Marcus L., Dale, Patricia E., Kitching, Roger L., Killeen, Gerry F., Kay, Brian H., Gorman, Jeffry J. and Hugo, Leon E. (2015). Mass spectrometry identification of age-associated proteins from the malaria mosquitoes Anopheles gambiae s.s. and Anopheles stephensi. Data in Brief, 4, 461-467. doi: 10.1016/j.dib.2015.07.007
Sikulu, Maggy T., Monkman, James, Dave, Keyur A., Hastie, Marcus L., Dale, Patricia E., Kitching, Roger L., Killeen, Gerry F., Kay, Brian H., Gorman, Jeffery J. and Hugo, Leon E. (2015). Proteomic changes occurring in the malaria mosquitoes Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles stephensi during aging. Journal of Proteomics, 126, 234-244. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.06.008
Sikulu, Maggy T. (2014). Non-Destructive near Infrared Spectroscopy for Simultaneous Prediction of Age and Species of Two Major African Malaria Vectors: An. Gambiae and An. Arabiensis. NIR News, 25 (5), 4-6. doi: 10.1255/nirn.1455
Sikulu, Maggy T., Majambere, Silas, Khatib, Bakar O., Ali, Abdullah S., Hugo, Leon E. and Dowell, Floyd E. (2014). Using a near-infrared spectrometer to estimate the age of Anopheles mosquitoes exposed to pyrethroids. PLoS One, 9 (3), e90657.1-e90657.6. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090657
Hugo, Leon E., Monkman, James, Dave, Keyur A., Wockner, Leesa F., Birrell, Geoff W., Norris, Emma L., Kienzle, Vivian J., Sikulu, Maggy T., Ryan, Peter A., Gorman, Jeffery J. and Kay, Brian H. (2013). Proteomic biomarkers for ageing the mosquito Aedes aegypti to determine risk of pathogen transmission. PLoS One, 8 (3), e58656.1-e58656.10. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058656
Sikulu, Maggy, Dowell, Kayla M., Hugo, Leon E., Wirtz, Robert A., Michel, Kristin, Peiris, Kamaranga H. S., Moore, Sarah, Killeen, Gerry F. and Dowell, Floyd E. (2011). Evaluating RNAlater ® as a preservative for using near-infrared spectroscopy to predict Anopheles gambiae age and species. Malaria Journal, 10 (1) 186. doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-10-186
Sikulu, Maggy, Killeen, Gerry F., Hugo, Leon E., Ryan, Peter A., Dowell, Kayla M., Wirtz, Robert A., Moore, Sarah J. and Dowell, Floyd E. (2010). Near-infrared spectroscopy as a complementary age grading and species identification tool for African malaria vectors. Parasites & Vectors, 3 (1). doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-3-49
Sikulu, Maggy, Govella, Nicodem J., Ogoma, Sheila B., Mpangile, John, Kambi, Said H., Kannady, Khadija, Chaki, Prosper C., Mukabana, Wolfgang R. and Killeen, Gerry F. (2009). Comparative evaluation of the Ifakara tent trap-B, the standardized resting boxes and the human landing catch for sampling malaria vectors and other mosquitoes in urban Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Malaria Journal, 8 (1) 197. doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-8-197
Ogoma, Sheila B., Kannady, Khadija, Sikulu, Maggy, Chaki, Prosper P., Govella, Nicodem J., Mukabana, Wolfgang R. and Killeen, Gerry F. (2009). Window screening, ceilings and closed eaves as sustainable ways to control malaria in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Malaria Journal, 8 (1) 221. doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-8-221
Shining a light on Haemonchus contortus in sheep
Kho, Elise, Fernandes, Jill, Kotze, Andrew, Lord, Maggy, Fox, Glen, Beasley, Anne, Moore, Stephen and James, Peter (2020). Shining a light on Haemonchus contortus in sheep. 3rd International Tropical Agriculture Conference (TROPAG 2019) , Brisbane, Australia, 11–13 November 2019. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI . doi: 10.3390/proceedings2019036138
Detection of arboviruses and parasites in mosquito vectors with a beam of light
Sikulu-Lord, Maggy, Garcia, Gabriela A., Santos, Lilha M., Fernandes, Jill N., Dowell, Floyd E. and Maciel-De-Freitas, Rafael (2019). Detection of arboviruses and parasites in mosquito vectors with a beam of light. 68th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (ASTMH), National Harbor, MD, United States, 20-24 November, 2019. Deerfield, IL, United States: American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.abstract2019
Pavan, Marcio G., Garcia, Gabriela A., Santos, Lilha M., David, Mariana R., Sikulu-Lord, Maggy T., Martins, Ademir J., Powell, Jeffrey R., Mason, Cristopher E. and Maciel-de-Freitas, Rafael (2019). Developing alternative surveillance methods, from the near infrared spectroscopy to predict zika infection on aedes aegypti, to metagenomics to detect the invasion of new arboviruses and haplotypes. 68th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (ASTMH), National Harbor, MD, United States, 20-24 November, 2019. Deerfield, IL, United States: American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.abstract2019
Rapid Identification of Bacterial Species with a Beam of Light
AlHarbi, B., Lord, M. and Zowawi, H. (2019). Rapid Identification of Bacterial Species with a Beam of Light. GCCMID 2018, Dubai, United Arab Emirates, 7-10 November 2018. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2018.10.079
Determining species of field-collected mosquitoes using near-infrared spectroscopy
Esperanca, Pedro, Da, Dari, Some, Bernard, Sikulu-Lord, Maggy, Yerbanga, R., Lefevre, Thierry, Mouline, Karine, Werme, Karidia, Dowell, Floyd, Dabire, Roch and Churcher, Thomas (2018). Determining species of field-collected mosquitoes using near-infrared spectroscopy. 67th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (ASTHM), New Orleans, LA, United States, 28 Oct - 1 Nov, 2018. Deerfield, IL, United States: American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.abstract2018
Da, Dari, Esperanc, Pedro, Some, Bernard, Sikulu-Lord, Maggy, Yerbanga, R., Lefevre, Thierry, Mouline, Karine, Werme, Karidia, Dowell, Floyd, Dabire, Roch and Churcher, Thomas (2018). IDENTIFICATION OF PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM-INFECTIOUS ANOPHELES COLUZZII MOSQUITOES USING NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY. 67th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene (ASTHM), New Orleans La, Oct 28-Nov 01, 2018. MCLEAN: AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE.
Milali, Masabho P., Kiware, Samson S., Povinelli, Richard J., Corliss, George F. and Sikulu-Lord, Maggy (2017). Comparison between age estimates of wild Anopheles arabiensis using NIRS classification model and ovary dissection (Detinova's method). Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene (ASTMH), Baltimore, MD, United States, 5-9 November 2017. Deerfield, IL, United States: American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.abstract2017
Next generation mosquito surveillance technique: the near infra-red spectroscopy
Sikulu-Lord, Maggy, Wirtz, Robert, Hugo, Leon, Ulrich, Jill, Devine, Gregor, Masabho, Milali P., de Freitas, Rafael and Dowell, Floyd (2017). Next generation mosquito surveillance technique: the near infra-red spectroscopy. 66th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene (ASTMH), Baltimore, Maryland USA, 05-09 November 2017. Deerfield, IL United States: American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.
Paliga, J. M., Maia, M. F., Sikulu, M., Okumu, F. O. and Ogoma, S. B. (2015). The complementary advantage of combining spatial repellent treated sisal decorative baskets with long lasting insecticide treated nets. 9th European Congress on Tropical Medicine and International Health, Basel, Switzerland, 6‐10 September 2015. Chichester, West Sussex, United Kingdom: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing.
(2021–2024) NHMRC IDEAS Grants
Development of instantaneous ultra-sensitive diagnostic tool to guide malaria elimination
(2019–2022) NHMRC Project Grant
(2019–2020) UQ Amplify Women's Academic Research Equity
Dr Maggy Lord - Maternity Funding (Advance Queensland Women's Academic Fund)
(2017) Queensland Government Advance Queensland Women's Academic Fund
Application of NIRS for arbovirus detection
(2016–2019) United States Agency for International Development
Note for students: Dr Maggy Lord is not currently available to take on new students.
Development and validation of a novel device for the detection of malaria parasites and arboviruses to stop outbreaks and guide elimination.
Doctor Philosophy — Principal Advisor
Other advisors:
Near Infrared Spectroscopy for rapid and inexpensive diagnosis of STIs
Doctor Philosophy — Associate Advisor
Other advisors:
Detecting Haemonchus contortus infection in sheep using infrared spectroscopy
(2021) Doctor Philosophy — Associate Advisor
Other advisors:
Note for students: The possible research projects listed on this page may not be comprehensive
or up to date. Always feel free to contact the staff for more information, and also with your own research ideas.
Dr Maggy Lord is not
currently available to take on new students.
Development of diagnostic tools for arboviruses
This PhD project aims to develop alternative, rapid and cost-effective tools for detecting Arboviruses in vectors and human population